Microbiology An Introduction 13th Edition by Gerard Tortora, Berdell Funke, Christine Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair ISBN 9781292276267 1292276266

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ISBN 10: 1292276266
ISBN 13: 9781292276267
Author: Gerard Tortora, Berdell Funke, Christine Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair

__For pre-nursing and allied health students (including mixed-majors courses).__
**Cutting edge microbiology research for today’s learners**
Tortora, Funke, and Case’s **__Microbiology, An Introduction__** brings a 21st-century lens to the #1 best-selling text on the market. Known for its exceptionally clear presentation of complex topics, this trusted text provides a careful balance of concepts and applications, pedagogically superior art, and robust animations and media via Mastering^TM^ Microbiology.
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Microbiology An Introduction 13th Edition Table of contents:

PART ONE Fundamentals of Microbiology
1 The Microbial World and You
Microbes in Our Lives
The Microbiome
Naming and Classifying Microorganisms
Nomenclature
Types of Microorganisms
Classification of Microorganisms
A Brief History of Microbiology
The First Observations
The Debate over Spontaneous Generation
The First Golden Age of Microbiology
The Second Golden Age of Microbiology
The Third Golden Age of Microbiology
Microbes and Human Welfare
Recycling Vital Elements
Sewage Treatment: Using Microbes to Recycle Water
Bioremediation: Using Microbes to Clean Up Pollutants
Insect Pest Control by Microorganisms
Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA Technology
Microbes and Human Disease
Biofilms
Infectious Diseases
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Study Outline
Study Questions
2 Chemical Principles
The Structure of Atoms
Chemical Elements
Electronic Configurations
How Atoms Form Molecules: Chemical Bonds
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Hydrogen Bonds
Molecular Mass and Moles
Chemical Reactions
Energy in Chemical Reactions
Synthesis Reactions
Decomposition Reactions
Exchange Reactions
The Reversibility of Chemical Reactions
IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
Inorganic Compounds
Water
Acids, Bases, and Salts
Acid–Base Balance: The Concept of pH
Organic Compounds
Structure and Chemistry
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Study Outline
Study Questions
3 Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope
Units of Measurement
Microscopy: The Instruments
Light Microscopy
Two-Photon Microscopy
Super-Resolution Light Microscopy
Scanning Acoustic Microscopy
Electron Microscopy
Scanned-Probe Microscopy
Preparation of Specimens for Light Microscopy
Preparing Smears for Staining
Simple Stains
Differential Stains
Special Stains
Study Outline
Study Questions
4 Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: An Overview
THE PROKARYOTIC CELL
The Size, Shape, and Arrangement of Bacterial Cells
Structures External to the Cell Wall
Glycocalyx
Flagella and Archaella
Axial Filaments
Fimbriae and Pili
The Cell Wall
Composition and Characteristics
Cell Walls and the Gram Stain Mechanism
Atypical Cell Walls
Damage to the Cell Wall
Structures Internal to the Cell Wall
The Plasma (Cytoplasmic) Membrane
The Movement of Materials across Membranes
Cytoplasm
The Nucleoid
Ribosomes
Inclusions
Endospores
THE EUKARYOTIC CELL
Flagella and Cilia
The Cell Wall and Glycocalyx
The Plasma (Cytoplasmic) Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Organelles
The Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Complex
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Peroxisomes
Centrosome
The Evolution of Eukaryotes
Study Outline
Study Questions
5 Microbial Metabolism
Catabolic and Anabolic Reactions
Enzymes
Collision Theory
Enzymes and Chemical Reactions
Enzyme Specificity and Efficiency
Naming Enzymes
Enzyme Components
Factors Influencing Enzymatic Activity
Feedback Inhibition
Ribozymes
Energy Production
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
The Generation of ATP
Metabolic Pathways of Energy Production
Carbohydrate Catabolism
Glycolysis
Additional Pathways to Glycolysis
Cellular Respiration
Fermentation
Lipid and Protein Catabolism
Biochemical Tests and Bacterial Identification
Photosynthesis
The Light-Dependent Reactions: Photophosphorylation
The Light-Independent Reactions: The Calvin-Benson Cycle
A Summary of Energy Production Mechanisms
Metabolic Diversity among Organisms
Photoautotrophs
Photoheterotrophs
Chemoautotrophs
Chemoheterotrophs
Metabolic Pathways of Energy Use
Polysaccharide Biosynthesis
Lipid Biosynthesis
Amino Acid and Protein Biosynthesis
Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis
The Integration of Metabolism
Study Outline
Study Questions
6 Microbial Growth
The Requirements for Growth
Physical Requirements
Chemical Requirements
Biofilms
Culture Media
Chemically Defined Media
Complex Media
Anaerobic Growth Media and Methods
Special Culture Techniques
Selective and Differential Media
Enrichment Culture
Obtaining Pure Cultures
Preserving Bacterial Cultures
The Growth of Bacterial Cultures
Bacterial Division
Generation Time
Logarithmic Representation of Bacterial Populations
Phases of Growth
Direct Measurement of Microbial Growth
Estimating Bacterial Numbers by Indirect Methods
Study Outline
Study Questions
7 The Control of Microbial Growth
The Terminology of Microbial Control
The Rate of Microbial Death
Actions of Microbial Control Agents
Alteration of Membrane Permeability
Damage to Proteins and Nucleic Acids
Physical Methods of Microbial Control
Heat
Filtration
Low Temperatures
High Pressure
Desiccation
Osmotic Pressure
Radiation
Chemical Methods of Microbial Control
Principles of Effective Disinfection
Evaluating a Disinfectant
Types of Disinfectants
Microbial Characteristics and Microbial Control
Study Outline
Study Questions
8 Microbial Genetics
Structure and Function of the Genetic Material
Genotype and Phenotype
DNA and Chromosomes
The Flow of Genetic Information
DNA Replication
RNA and Protein Synthesis
The Regulation of Bacterial Gene Expression
Pre-transcriptional Control
Post-transcriptional Control
Changes in Genetic Material
Mutation
Types of Mutations
Mutagens
The Frequency of Mutation
Identifying Mutants
Identifying Chemical Carcinogens
Genetic Transfer and Recombination
Plasmids and Transposons
Transformation in Bacteria
Conjugation in Bacteria
Transduction in Bacteria
Genes and Evolution
Study Outline
Study Questions
9 Biotechnology and DNA Technology
Introduction to Biotechnology
Recombinant DNA Technology
An Overview of Recombinant DNA Procedures
Tools of Biotechnology
Selection
Mutation
Restriction Enzymes
Vectors
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Techniques of Genetic Modification
Inserting Foreign DNA into Cells
Obtaining DNA
Selecting a Clone
Making a Gene Product
Applications of DNA Technology
Therapeutic Applications
Genome Projects
Scientific Applications
Agricultural Applications
Safety Issues and the Ethics of Using DNA Technology
Study Outline
Study Questions
PART TWO A Survey of the Microbial World
10 Classification of Microorganisms
The Study of Phylogenetic Relationships
The Three Domains
A Phylogenetic Tree
Classification of Organisms
Scientific Nomenclature
The Taxonomic Hierarchy
Classification of Prokaryotes
Classification of Eukaryotes
Classification of Viruses
Methods of Classifying and Identifying Microorganisms
Morphological Characteristics
Differential Staining
Biochemical Tests
Serology
Phage Typing
Fatty Acid Profiles
Flow Cytometry
DNA Sequencing
DNA Fingerprinting
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
Putting Classification Methods Together
Study Outline
Study Questions
11 The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea
The Prokaryotic Groups
DOMAIN BACTERIA
Gram-Negative Bacteria
Proteobacteria
The Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria
The Gram-Positive Bacteria
Firmicutes (Low G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria)
Tenericutes
Actinobacteria (High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria)
DOMAIN ARCHAEA
Diversity within the Archaea
MICROBIAL DIVERSITY
Discoveries Illustrating the Range of Diversity
Study Outline
Study Questions
12 The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths
Fungi
Characteristics of Fungi
Medically Important Fungi
Fungal Diseases
Economic Effects of Fungi
Lichens
Algae
Characteristics of Algae
Selected Phyla of Algae
Roles of Algae in Nature
Protozoa
Characteristics of Protozoa
Medically Important Protozoa
Slime Molds
Helminths
Characteristics of Helminths
Platyhelminths
Nematodes
Arthropods as Vectors
Study Outline
Study Questions
13 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions
General Characteristics of Viruses
Host Range
Viral Size
Viral Structure
Nucleic Acid
Capsid and Envelope
General Morphology
Taxonomy of Viruses
Isolation, Cultivation, and Identification of Viruses
Growing Bacteriophages in the Laboratory
Growing Animal Viruses in the Laboratory
Viral Identification
Viral Multiplication
Multiplication of Bacteriophages
Multiplication of Animal Viruses
Viruses and Cancer
The Transformation of Normal Cells into Tumor Cells
DNA Oncogenic Viruses
RNA Oncogenic Viruses
Viruses to Treat Cancer
Latent Viral Infections
Persistent Viral Infections
Plant Viruses and Viroids
Prions
Study Outline
Study Questions
PART THREE Interaction between Microbe and Host
14 Principles of Disease and Epidemiology
Pathology, Infection, and Disease
Human Microbiome
Relationships between the Normal Microbiota and the Host
Opportunistic Microorganisms
Cooperation among Microorganisms
The Etiology of Infectious Diseases
Koch’s Postulates
Exceptions to Koch’s Postulates
Classifying Infectious Diseases
Occurrence of a Disease
Severity or Duration of a Disease
Extent of Host Involvement
Patterns of Disease
Predisposing Factors
Development of Disease
The Spread of Infection
Reservoirs of Infection
Transmission of Disease
Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Microorganisms in the Hospital
Compromised Host
Chain of Transmission
Control of Healthcare-Associated Infections
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Epidemiology
Descriptive Epidemiology
Analytical Epidemiology
Experimental Epidemiology
Case Reporting
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Study Outline
Study Questions
15 Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
How Microorganisms Enter a Host
Portals of Entry
The Preferred Portal of Entry
Numbers of Invading Microbes
Adherence
How Bacterial Pathogens Penetrate Host Defenses
Capsules
Cell Wall Components
Enzymes
Antigenic Variation
Penetration into the Host
Biofilms
How Bacterial Pathogens Damage Host Cells
Using the Host’s Nutrients: Siderophores
Direct Damage
Production of Toxins
Plasmids, Lysogeny, and Pathogenicity
Pathogenic Properties of Viruses
Viral Mechanisms for Evading Host Defenses
Cytopathic Effects of Viruses
Pathogenic Properties of Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths, and Algae
Fungi
Protozoa
Helminths
Algae
Portals of Exit
Study Outline
Study Questions
16 Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host
The Concept of Immunity
FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE: SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES
Physical Factors
Chemical Factors
Normal Microbiota and Innate Immunity
SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE
Formed Elements in Blood
The Lymphatic System
Phagocytes
Actions of Phagocytic Cells
The Mechanism of Phagocytosis
Inflammation
Vasodilation and Increased Permeability of Blood Vessels
Phagocyte Migration and Phagocytosis
Tissue Repair
Fever
Antimicrobial Substances
The Complement System
Interferons
Iron-Binding Proteins
Antimicrobial Peptides
Other Factors
Study Outline
Study Questions
17 Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host
The Adaptive Immune System
Dual Nature of the Adaptive Immune System
Overview of Humoral Immunity
Overview of Cellular Immunity
Cytokines: Chemical Messengers of Immune Cells
Antigens and Antibodies
Antigens
Humoral Immunity: Antibodies
Humoral Immunity Response Process
Activation and Clonal Expansion of Antibody-Producing Cells
The Diversity of Antibodies
Results of the Antigen–Antibody Interaction
Cellular Immunity Response Process
Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs)
Classes of T Cells
Nonspecific Cells and Extracellular Killing by the Adaptive Immune System
Immunological Memory
Types of Adaptive Immunity
Study Outline
Study Questions
18 Practical Applications of Immunology
Vaccines
Principles and Effects of Vaccination
Types of Vaccines and Their Characteristics
Vaccine Production, Delivery Methods, and Formulations
Diagnostic Immunology
Use of Monoclonal Antibodies
Precipitation Reactions
Agglutination Reactions
Neutralization Reactions
Complement-Fixation Reactions
Fluorescent-Antibody Techniques
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Western Blotting (Immunoblotting)
The Future of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Immunology
Study Outline
Study Questions
19 Disorders Associated with the Immune System
Hypersensitivity
Allergies and the Microbiome
Type I (Anaphylactic) Reactions
Type II (Cytotoxic) Reactions
Type III (Immune Complex) Reactions
Type IV (Delayed Cell-Mediated) Reactions
Autoimmune Diseases
Cytotoxic Autoimmune Reactions
Immune Complex Autoimmune Reactions
Cell-Mediated Autoimmune Reactions
Reactions to Transplantation
Immunosuppression to Prevent Transplant Rejection
The Immune System and Cancer
Immunotherapy for Cancer
Immunodeficiencies
Congenital Immunodeficiencies
Acquired Immunodeficiencies
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
The Origin of AIDS
HIV Infection
Diagnostic Methods
HIV Transmission
AIDS Worldwide
Preventing and Treating AIDS
Study Outline
Study Questions
20 Antimicrobial Drugs
The History of Chemotherapy
Antibiotic Use and Discovery Today
Spectrum of Antimicrobial Activity
The Action of Antimicrobial Drugs
Inhibiting Cell Wall Synthesis
Inhibiting Protein Synthesis
Injuring the Plasma Membrane
Inhibiting Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Inhibiting the Synthesis of Essential Metabolites
Common Antimicrobial Drugs
Antibacterial Antibiotics: Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis
Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
Injury to Membranes
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
Competitive Inhibition of Essential Metabolites
Antifungal Drugs
Antiviral Drugs
Antiprotozoan and Antihelminthic Drugs
Tests to Guide Chemotherapy
The Diffusion Methods
Broth Dilution Tests
Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs
Mechanisms of Resistance
Antibiotic Misuse
Cost and Prevention of Resistance
Antibiotic Safety
Effects of Combinations of Drugs
Future of Chemotherapeutic Agents
Study Outline
Study Questions
PART FOUR Microorganisms and Human Disease
21 Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes
Structure and Function of the Skin
Mucous Membranes
Normal Microbiota of the Skin
Microbial Diseases of the Skin
Bacterial Diseases of the Skin
Viral Diseases of the Skin
Fungal Diseases of the Skin and Nails
Parasitic Infestation of the Skin
Microbial Diseases of the Eye
Inflammation of the Eye Membranes: Conjunctivitis
Bacterial Diseases of the Eye
Other Infectious Diseases of the Eye
Study Outline
Study Questions

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Tags: Gerard Tortora, Berdell Funke, Christine Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair, Microbiology