An Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times and Other Writings 1st Edition by David Womersley, John Brown ISBN 9781614879299 161487929X

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ISBN 10: 161487929X
ISBN 13: 9781614879299
Author: David Womersley, John Brown

John Brown (1715–1766) was a clergyman who achieved great but transient fame as a writer and moralist. His attack on Shaftesbury and “moral sense” philosophy, against which he employed utilitarian arguments and also arguments deriving from God’s benevolent intentions toward his creation, was published in 1751 and was later praised by John Stuart Mill.

The central text of this volume, An Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times (1757), is a vigorous attack on the “vain, luxurious, and selfish effeminacy” of England’s higher ranks, in the wake of the loss of Minorca to the French at the opening of the Seven Years’ War (1756–1763). Brown repeated the usual complaints of corruption that had been raised during the premiership of Walpole and argued that public virtue had been undermined by a preoccupation with luxury and commerce. Estimate was printed no fewer than seven times within the first year, earning the author the name “Estimate Brown.”

Alongside Estimate, the volume includes four other works by Brown: his poem On Liberty (1749); his Essays on the Characteristicks (1751), which is an attack on Shaftesbury’s Characteristicks; his Explanatory Defence of the Estimate (1758), in which Brown engaged to defend the work, to some modest extent, against his critics; and finally, a late work, Thoughts on Civil Liberty (1765).

Two appendixes complement the texts: a brief tribute to Brown by Thomas Hollis (an Englishman who devoted his life to the cause of liberty and for whom this series is named), in which Hollis depicts Brown “as a weak man who nevertheless possessed a measure of virtue and talent, and who fell among thieves in the feral literary and political circles of Hanoverian England.” The second appendix provides Hollis’s own annotations to his copy of Estimate.

The introduction, by David Womersley, places Brown’s writings and career in the context of eighteenth-century moralism and, naturally, in the tradition of British writing on liberty. The annotations gloss now-unfamiliar words and explain now-obscure references to contemporary events, circumstances, and personalities.

An Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times and Other Writings 1st Edition Table of contents:

• Part I – An Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times

  • Preface: The State of Society in the Eighteenth Century

  • Chapter 1: The Rise of Modern Virtue

  • Chapter 2: The Decline of Public Morality

  • Chapter 3: The Impact of Modern Philosophy on Society

  • Chapter 4: The Role of Religion in Shaping Morals

  • Chapter 5: The Changing Landscape of Political and Social Principles

  • Chapter 6: Reflections on the Dangers to Society and Government

  • Chapter 7: The Moral and Intellectual Decay of the Age

• Part II – Essays on the Nature of Man

  • Essay 1: The Complexities of Human Nature

  • Essay 2: The Concept of the Soul and its Moral Implications

  • Essay 3: The Intersection of Reason and Passion

  • Essay 4: The Role of Individual Responsibility in Society

• Part III – The Influence of Literature on Society

  • Essay 1: Literature as a Reflection of Society’s Principles

  • Essay 2: The Role of the Writer in Shaping Public Opinion

  • Essay 3: The Influence of Classical and Modern Works on Moral Thought

• Part IV – Miscellaneous Writings

  • The Influence of Religion on Public Life

  • Reflections on the Condition of the Poor

  • A Defence of the British Constitution

  • The Crisis in Education and Intellectual Culture

• Part V – Letters and Correspondence

  • Letter 1: Reflections on the Moral Climate of the Time

  • Letter 2: On the Role of the Church in Public Life

  • Letter 3: Private Letters and the Inner Life of John Brown

  • Letter 4: Addressing Contemporary Criticism

• Part VI – Criticisms and Responses

  • Reviews of An Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times

  • Responses to Criticisms: A Defense of the Work’s Insights

  • The Reception of Brown’s Ideas in the Eighteenth-Century Context

• Conclusion – The Enduring Legacy of John Brown’s Writings

  • The Relevance of Brown’s Reflections Today

  • Final Thoughts on the Principles of the Times and Their Modern Echoes

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Tags: David Womersley, John Brown, Manners, Times, Other Writings