Law and Development in Latin America 1st Edition by Kenneth L Karst, Keith S Rosenn ISBN 9780520313361 0520313364

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ISBN 10: 0520313364
ISBN 13: 9780520313361
Author: Kenneth L Karst, Keith S Rosenn

Law and Development in Latin America 1st Edition Table of contents:

Chapter I HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LATIN AMERICAN LEGAL INSTITUTIONS

A. Juridical Problem Solving in Latin America — A Preview

B. A Brief Excursion into Roman Legal History

1. The Twelve Tables

2. The Institutes of Gaius

3. The Justinian Legislation

4. The Desuetude of the Corpus Juris in Western Europe

5. The Roman Law Revival

C. The Development of Spanish Law

1. The Visigothic Legislation

2. The Moorish Invasion

3. The Reconquest

D. The Development of Portuguese Law

E. The Dualism of the Iberian Roman Law Heritage

F. The Fusion of Law and Religion

G. The Laws of the New World Colonies

1. Spanish Legislation

2. Portuguese Legislation

H. Colonial Administration

1. The Spanish Council of the Indies and the Portuguese Overseas Council

2. Spanish Techniques for Controlling Colonial Administrators

3. The Portuguese Administrative Chaos

4. Failure to Develop Colonial Institutions of Self-Government

I. Independence and Constitutionalism

J. Codification

1. The Civil Codes

2. The Commercial Codes

3. Civil Procedure

4. Codes of Criminal Law and Procedure

5. Labor Codes

K. Latin American Legal Culture

1. Idealism

2. Paternalism

3. Legalism

4. Formalism

5. Lack of Penetration

L. Legal Education

M. Inter-American Legal Institutions

1. Organization of American States

2. Economic Integration

3. International Protection of Human Rights

Chapter II ROLE OF THE COURTS IN CONTROLLING GOVERNMENTAL ACTION

A. Authoritarianism and the Latin American Judiciary

1. The Roots of Authoritarianism

2. The Civilian Image of the Judge

3. Independence of the Judiciary in Latin America

B. From Habeas Corpus to Writ of Security in Brazil

1. The Requirements of Certainty and Incontestability

2. The Writ of Security as a Substitute for Mandamus

3. Determining What Constitutes a Public Authority

4. Failure of Public Officials to Comply with the Writ

5. Habeas Corpus, Writ of Security, and Representation: Overlapping Constitutional Remedies

6. Note on the Popular Action

C. The Mexican Amparo

1. The Legality Amparo (Amparo de la Legalidad)

2. The Constitutional Amparo (Amparo contra Leyes)

3. Determining What Constitutes a Public Authority

4. The Role of Precedent

5. Limitations on Amparo Review

6. Judicial Independence in Mexico

D. The Argentine Amparo

1. Judicial Fashioning of the Amparo

2. Amparo Against “Private” Parties

3. Limitations on Amparo Review

4. Codification of Amparo

E. Note on the Proliferation of Amparo

F. Revolutions and Golpes

1. The Right of Revolution

2. The Status of the Constitution in a Revolutionary Regime

3. Judicial Legitimation: Argentina’s De Facto Government Doctrine

4. Autolegitimation: The Institutional Act

5. Judicial Review in a Revolutionary Ambiente — Walking the Tightrope in Brazil and Argentina

G. State of Siege

1. Arrest and Detention

2. Freedom of the Press

H. Revolution, Constitutionalism, and Development

Chapter III LAND REFORM

A. Introduction

1. Colonial Origins of the Great Estates

2. The Modern Setting

3. Indirect Reforms

4. The Venezuelan Land Reform Law of 1960

5. “Counterreform”

B. Mexico and the Theory of Restitution

C. Expropriation: The Affectability of Land

1. “The Social Function of Ownership”

2. Affectability and Geographic Location

3. Affectability and Excessive Size

4. Exemptions and the Owner’s Reserve

5. The Case of Bolivia: Land Reform First, Then Law

6. Puerto Rico and the Public Use Doctrine in United States Constitutional Law

D. Expropriation: Compensation and Confiscation

1. The Rationale of Confiscation: To Compensate or Not?

2. Deferred Compensation

3. Valuation of Expropriated Property

4. Some Concluding Questions about Confiscation

E. Expropriation: Institutions and Processes

1. The Judiciary: Ordinary Judges and Agrarian Tribunals

2. Delay

F. Land Distribution: Problems of Structure and Operation

1. Individual v. Collective Ownership

2. Title Problems and the Transferability of Beneficiaries’ Interests

3. Payment by Beneficiaries; Other Obligations

4. Agricultural Credit

G. Epilogue: The “Results” of Land Reform in Latin America

Chapter IV LAW AND INFLATION

A. Inflation and Its Measurement

B. Economic Development and Inflation

1. The Monetarist-Structuralist Debate

2. The Pointless Spiral View

3. The Purposeful Spiral View

4. Inflation as an Alternative to Revolution

5. “Forced Savings” and Wage Policies

C. Nominalism v. Valorism

D. Contractual Adaptations to Inflation

1. Gold Clauses

2. Escalator Clauses

3. Foreign Currency Clauses

4. Judicial Efforts to Mitigate Inflation’s Effects on Contracts

E. Inflation Adjustments in Damage Awards

1. Tort Damage Awards

2. Expropriation Awards

F. Adapting Credit Transactions to Chronic Inflation

1. The Use of Inflation Adjustments in Government Bonds

2. The Development of Inflation Adjustments in Private Sector Lending

3. Housing Finance and Monetary Correction

G. Inflation and Income Taxation

H. Wage and Price Controls

1. Wage Controls in Chile

2. Rent Control in Brazil

3. Chilean Price Controls and Competition

4. Controlling Prices in Brazil through Fiscal Incentives

Chapter V LEGAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE CARACAS BARRIOS: A LAW-IN-SOCIETY CASE STUDY

A. The Barrios of Caracas

1. Fonnation of the Barrios

2. A Physical Description of the Barrios

3. Patterns of Barrio Life

B. The Study: Objectives and Methods

1. Lawyers as Participants in Social Research

2. The Methods of the Study

C. The Study: Rights in Land and Housing

1. Patterns of Ownership

2. Acquisition of Land and Houses

3. The Content of an Owner’s Rights

4. Rental Arrangements

5. Security of Tenure

6. Implications for Government Policy

D. The Study: Family Obligations

1. The Extended Family

2. Husband and Wife

3. Parent and Child

E. The Study: The Barrio Junta

1. Formation; Structural Characteristics; Patterns of Cooperation

2. Lawmaking and Dispute Resolution

Chapter VI PERSPECTIVES ON LAW AND DEVELOPMENT

A. Security

1. The Varieties of Security

2. Rule v. Discretion

3. Security as Self-Confidence: the Willingness to Take Moderate Risks

B. Legitimacy

1. The Varieties of Legitimacy

2. Legitimacy in Latin America

3. Law and the Symbols of Government in Village and Nation

C. Community

1. Latin American Development and the Varieties of Community

2. Law and the Sense of Community

3. Law and Leadership

4. Law and Cooperation

5. Conflict and Community

D. Inequality

1. Inequality and Development

2. Law and Inequality

3. Inequality and Latin American Development

4. “Substantive” and “Legal” Equality

APPENDIX A BRAZIL: STATUTE REGULATING THE WRIT OF SECURITY

APPENDIX B MEXICO: CONSTITUTION OF 1917 (AS AMENDED, 1968)

APPENDIX C STATUTE OF THE ARGENTINE REVOLUTION

APPENDIX D VENEZUELA: AGRARIAN REFORM LAW (1960) (excerpts)

INDEX

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Tags: Kenneth L Karst, Keith S Rosenn, Law, Development, Latin America