Managing Political Risk Assessment Strategic Response to Environmental Change 1st Edition by Stephen Kobrin ISBN 9780520310094 0520310098

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ISBN 10: 0520310098
ISBN 13: 9780520310094
Author: Stephen Kobrin

The accurate assessment of political risk can make the difference between success and failure for a multinational corporation, which must keep corporate objectives in sight while operating in a large number of widely varying environments. While environmental or political risk assessment has become an explicit function in many firms and is inherent in all foreign investment, the uncertainties of foreign political environments continue to pose critical problems for managers.
 
In Managing Political Risk Assessment, Stephen J. Kobrin describes and analyzes the techniques of political risk assessment employed by U.S. multinationals. His analysis draws on organizational theory, economics, political science, and international relations. The study reveals that those charged with political risk assessment have often not been fully integrated into the core of the managerial process, information from subsidiaries is often biased, and the flow of data is poorly controlled. As a result, virtually all firms experience difficulties in using environmental assessment in planning and making decisions. Kobrin persuasively argues that the thorough integration of the assessment function into the managerial process is a necessary step, as the need for political risk assessment intensifies with the increased interaction between international business and its social and political surroundings.
 
Political scientists, institutional economists, managers, and students and teachers of international business will all profit from Kobrin’s excellent synthesis of knowledge in this area of scholarly interest.

 
This title is part of UC Press’s Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1982.

Managing Political Risk Assessment Strategic Response to Environmental Change 1st Edition Table of contents:

1 Introduction

APPROACH

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

METHOD

DESIGN

IMPLEMENTATION

CONSTRAINTS

PLAN OF THE BOOK

2 Organizations and Environments

THE ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

OPEN SYSTEMS

ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURE

THE SUBJECTIVE ENVIRONMENT

THE TASK ENVIRONMENT

ENACTED ENVIRONMENTS

NATURAL SELECTION MODELS

SPANNING THE ORGANIZATIONAL BOUNDARY

THE BOUNDARY SPANNING FUNCTION

EVOLUTION OF THE BOUNDARY SPANNING FUNCTION

INSTITUTIONALIZATION

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING INSTITUTIONALIZATION

ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING INSTITUTIONALIZATION

THE PROCESSING OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION

INFORMATION FLOWS IN THE INTERNATIONAL FIRM

3 The Relevant Environment: Political Risk and Political Assessment

THE POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS AT DEFINITION16

POLITICAL RISK

THE INVESTMENT CLIMATE

POLITICAL INSTABILITY AND POLITICAL RISK

ENVIRONMENT AND FIRM

GOVERNMENT POLICY AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE

MICRO RISK

OPERATIONS VERSUS OWNERSHIP

UNCERTAINTY AND POLITICAL RISK

THE NATURE OF CHANGE

UNCERTAINTY DEFINED

UNCERTAINTY IS SUBJECTIVE

THE POLITICAL ASSESSMENT PROBLEM

UNCERTAINTY AND DECISION MAKING

SUMMARY: POLITICAL RISK

4 The Political Environment and the International Firm

THE NATIONAL FIRM

INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE FIRM

EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONALIZATION

THE POLITICAL-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

THE POLITICIZATION OF ECONOMICS

NATIONALISM

INSTABILITY

INTERSTATE POLITICS

UNITED STATES HEGEMONY

IMPACTS ON STRATEGY

THE EXPANSION OF THE TASK ENVIRONMENT

5 Institutionalization of the Political Assessment Function

INSTITUTIONALIZATION DEFINED

DETERMINANTS OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION

SIZE

INTERNATIONALIZATION

EXPERIENCE

INDUSTRIAL SECTOR AND TECHNOLOGY

ANALYSIS OF THE EMPIRICAL DATA

INDICATORS OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION

DETERMINANTS OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF DETERMINANTS OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION

LOGIT ANALYSIS

CONCLUSIONS

6 Organization of the Political Assessment Function

A TYPOLOGY

LOCATION OF THE POLITICAL ASSESSMENT FUNCTION

ORGANIZATION OF THE ASSESSMENT FUNCTION

FUNCTION NOT DIFFERENTIATED BUT IMPLICIT

FUNCTION IMPLICIT BUT INHERENT

FUNCTION NOT DIFFERENTIATED BUT EXPLICIT

FUNCTION DIFFERENTIATED BUT NOT POSITION

FUNCTION AND POSITION BOTH DIFFERENTIATED

THE STAFF COORDINATOR

POLITICAL ANALYSIS UNITS

7 Managerial Perceptions of Political Risk

PREVIOUS STUDIES

MANAGERIAL CONCERNS

UNFAMILIARITY AND UNCERTAINTY

UNCERTAINTY AND PERCEPTIONS OF POLITICAL RISK

MULTIPLE TASK ENVIRONMENTS

CONCLUSIONS

8 Scanning the Political Environment

MOTIVATIONS FOR SCANNING

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

PREVIOUS STUDIES

AN OVERVIEW

INTERPERSONAL INFORMATION SOURCES AND UNCERTAINTY

GENERAL EXTERNAL SOURCES

SPECIALIZED EXTERNAL SOURCES

PROBLEMS IN RELYING ON INTERNAL SOURCES

SOURCES OF BIAS

INFORMAL AND FORMAL SEARCH

9 Evaluation and Utilization of Political Assessments

USE OF POLITICAL ASSESSMENTS

EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS

PATTERNS OF COMMUNICATION

INTEGRATION INTO DECISION MAKING AND PLANNING

INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING

PLANNING

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS

BETTER-INFORMED JUDGMENT

MULTIPLE SOURCES OF INFORMATION

10 Conclusions

INSTITUTIONALIZATION

UNCERTAINTY AND AMBIGUITY

ARGUMENT FOR INSTITUTIONALIZATION

MORE EFFECTIVE SCANNING

PATTERNS OF COMMUNICATION

ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING

ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES

POLITICS AND THE MANAGERIAL PROCESS

Appendix A Research Methods

Appendix B Multivariate Logit Analysis of the Determinants of Institutionalization

Appendix C Political Risk Assessment Methods

Bibliography

Index

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Tags: Stephen Kobrin, Political Risk Assessment, Strategic Response, Environmental Change