Medicine for the Outdoors The Essential Guide to First Aid and Medical Emergencies 7th Edition by Tate Higgins, Ali S Arastu, Paul S Auerbach ISBN 9780323680561 0323680569

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 0323680569
ISBN 13: 9780323680561
Author: Tate Higgins, Ali S Arastu, Paul S Auerbach

For nearly 40 years, Medicine for the Outdoors: The Essential Guide to First Aid and Medical Emergencies has been the take-along manual of choice for anyone venturing into the mountains, forest, desert, or on water. This essential guide provides highly illustrated, easy-to-follow guidance on immediate stabilization and treatment of persons with virtually any possible medical problem—designed for on-the-spot use when higher-level medical care is not accessible. Written by experts in outdoor medicine, this updated edition helps you manage any situation until medical personnel can take over.

• Covers key information on a wide range of disorders related to specific environments, including natural disasters, high-altitude problems, water-related incidents, heat- and cold-related illnesses, and wildland fires.  

• Provides easy-to-understand recommendations for dealing with animal attacks, venomous wildlife, wild plant and mushroom poisoning, minor and major medical problems, infectious diseases, water disinfection, and severe bleeding.  

• Discusses key topics, including antibiotics, medicines, opioid overdose treatment, wound closure techniques, severe bleeding, spinal assessment and immobilization, tourniquets, the use of a Gamow bag for severe altitude illness, splinting, dental emergencies, disaster preparedness, global conflict guidelines, canine medicine, today’s infectious disease threats, and much more. 

• Includes up-to-date guidelines, even more helpful illustrations and diagrams, and a new chapter: Patient Assessment: A Structured Approach to Emergencies in the Outdoors. 

• Includes advanced topics valuable to physicians and expedition medical staff at all levels of training and experience. 

Medicine for the Outdoors The Essential Guide to First Aid and Medical Emergencies 7th Edition Table of contents:

Part One. General Information

How to use this book

Before you go

Be in good health

Be prepared

Common sense

Falls prevention

Rules of the road

Conditioning and acclimatization

Equipment

Trip plans

Medicines

Nutrition

Fluid requirements

Personal hygiene and bodily waste disposal

General injury prevention: Risk factors

Disaster preparedness

Disaster response triage

Duty to assist

General first aid principles

While you are waiting for help to arrive

Assisting a victim of starvation

Medical decision-making

Hand offs

Patient assessment–a structured approach to emergencies in the outdoors

Overview

Primary survey (a search for immediate life threats)

A note on ABC vs. CAB

Airway

Choking

Helmet removal

Breathing

How to assist breathing (mouth-to-mouth)

Circulation

Disability and neurologic status

Logrolling the victim (see Figs. 27 and 28)

Lifting and moving a victim

Expose and environment

The secondary survey

The physical exam

Vital signs by age group

Pulse oximetry

Temperature

History

Part Two. Major Medical Problems

Introduction

An approach to the unconscious victim

Drug overdose

Long-term care of an unconscious or gravely disabled person

Chest injury

Broken ribs

Flail chest

Pneumothorax

Bruised lung

Treatment for chest injuries

Serious lung disorders

Asthma

Pulmonary embolism

Heart failure (often called “congestive heart failure”)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Pneumonia

Chest pain

Angina pectoris

Heart attack (acute myocardial infarction “AMI” or “MI”)

Treatment for a suspected heart attack

Aortic dissection

Very rapid heart rate

High blood pressure

Noncardiac causes of chest pain

Bleeding

Treatment for bleeding

Applying a tourniquet

Internal bleeding

Shock

Head injury

Concussion

Treatment principles for head injuries

Simplified motor score

AVPU

ACDU

Pain control

Lacerations of the scalp

Allergic reaction

Treatment for a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis)

Seizure

Treatment for seizure

Fractures and dislocations

Compartment syndrome

Splints and slings

Taping

Specific injuries

Neck

Logrolling the victim (see Figs. 27 and 28)

“Clearing” a cervical spine

Skull and face

Nose

Jaw

Wrist, hand, and finger

Forearm

Elbow

“Nursemaid’s elbow”

Upper arm

Collarbone (clavicle)

Shoulder dislocation

Shoulder separation

Rib

Thoracic and lumbar spine (chest and lower back)

Pelvis

Tailbone (coccyx)

Femur

Hip

Knee and kneecap

Lower leg

Ankle

Toe

Heel

Amputation

Burns

Definitions (Fig. 132)

Treatment for burns

Tar burn

Burn prevention

Inhalation injuries

Thermal injury

Smoke (chemical) injury

Air quality index for particles

Aspiration injury

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Abdominal pain

General evaluation

Physical examination

Epigastrium

Right upper quadrant

Left upper quadrant

Right lower quadrant

Left lower quadrant

Lower abdomen (central)

Flanks (sides of lower back)

Problems of ovaries and vagina

Ovarian infection

Ovulation, ovarian cyst, and torsed (twisted) ovary

Bleeding from the vagina

Vaginitis, vaginal discharge, and vaginal infections

Emergency contraception

Safe sex

Disorders of the kidneys, bladder, and prostate

Bladder infection

Kidney infection

Kidney stone

Blood in the urine

Acute urinary retention

Prostate infection

Problems of the penis and testicles

Painful testicle

Penile discharge

Infection of the foreskin (balanitis)

Safe sex

Emergency childbirth

Complicated deliveries

Cellulitis of the breast (mastitis)

Diabetes

Stroke

Infectious diseases

Fever in the returning traveler

Malaria

Yellow fever

Dengue

Chikungunya fever

West nile viral disease

Zika virus disease

Eastern equine encephalitis

Tick bites and prevention

Relapsing fever

Rocky mountain spotted fever

Colorado tick fever

Lyme disease

Ehrlichiosis

Anaplasmosis

African tick-bite fever

Babesiosis

Schistosomiasis

Trichinellosis (trichinosis)

Leptospirosis

Tularemia

Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers

Meningococcal disease (including meningitis)

Tetanus

Ebola, lassa, and other viruses that cause “hemorrhagic fevers”

Emerging infectious diseases

COVID-19

Rabies

Part Three. Minor Medical Problems

Introduction

General symptoms

Fainting

Fatigue

Fever and chills

Cough

Coughing blood

Hiccups (hiccoughs)

Dizziness

Head (including eye, ear, nose, throat, and mouth)

Headache

Bell’s palsy

Ear and hearing

Eye

Contact lenses

Nose

Throat

Mouth and teeth (dental)

Upper respiratory disorders

Common cold

Influenza

Bronchitis

Pleuritis

Hay fever

Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract

Diarrhea

Gluten sensitivity

Constipation

Hemorrhoids, anal fissure, and rectal prolapse

Flatus

Heartburn

Nausea and vomiting

Vomiting blood

Ulcer disease

Hepatitis

Skin disorders

Sunburn

Sunscreens

Melanoma

Poison ivy, sumac, and oak (genus toxicodendron)

Other irritating plants

Rashes incurred in the water

Hives

Heat rash

Intertrigo

Chafe

Impetigo

Cellulitis, including from methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

Abscess

Ingrown toenail

Fingertip cracks

Paronychia

Felon

Blisters

Plantar warts

Athlete’s foot, ringworm, and jock itch

Tinea versicolor

Onychomycosis

Good foot care

Diaper rash

Armpit odor

Lice

Scabies

Creeping eruption

Shingles

Herpes simplex virus genital infection

Fever blisters

Minor bruises and wounds

Bruises

Black eye

Blood under the fingernail

Torn fingernail

Puncture wounds

Impaled object

Scrapes

Cuts (lacerations)

Skin flaps and avulsions

Taping a wound closed

Sewing (suturing) a wound closed

Stapling a wound closed

Gluing a wound closed

Dress the wound

Wound infection

Seek medical care

Bandaging techniques

Abscess (boil)

Scalp laceration (cut on the head)

Fishhook removal

Splinter removal

Blisters

Musculoskeletal injuries

Overuse syndromes

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Cyclist’s palsy

Saturday night palsy

Rotator cuff tendinitis

Turf toe

Muscle fatigue

Shin splints

Plantar fasciitis

Torn muscle

Sprains, strains, and tendon rupture

Muscle cramps

Arthritis

Bursitis

Venous thrombosis and thrombophlebitis

Back pain

Mental health (psychiatric) emergencies

Anxiety

Panic

Depression

Delirium

Psychosis

Reaction to an injury or illness (acute stress disorder)

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Part Four. Disorders Related to Specific Environments

Injuries and illnesses due to cold

Hypothermia (lowered body temperature)

Prevention of hypothermia

Mild hypothermia

Moderate hypothermia

Severe and profound hypothermia

Rewarming and preparing a hypothermic victim for transport

Cold water immersion

What to do if you fall through the ice

How to assist someone who has fallen through the ice

Winter storm preparedness

Safe sledding

Frostbite

Treatment of frostbite

Stages of frostbite

Wound management after thawing

Prevention of frostbite

Frostnip

Immersion foot (trench foot)

Chilblain (pernio)

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Hives induced by exposure to cold

Snow blindness

Injuries and illnesses due to heat

Burn injuries

Heat-related illness (hyperthermia)

Heat exhaustion and heat stroke

Cooling the victim

Muscle cramps

Heat swelling

Fainting

Avoiding heat illness

Wildland fires

High-risk situations

Standard fire encounter principles

What to do when caught in a wildland fire

High altitude–related problems

Prevention of high altitude–related disorders

High-altitude pulmonary edema

High-altitude cerebral edema

Acute mountain sickness

Gamow bag (portable hyperbaric chamber)

Other disorders of high altitude

Snakebite

Venomous snakes

Signs of envenomation

Pit vipers

Coral snakes

Treatment of snakebite

Avoidance of venomous snakes

Nonvenomous snakes

Gila monster and Mexican beaded lizard

Insect and arthropod bites

Bees, wasps, hornets, and ants

Spiders

Scorpions

Mosquitoes

Mosquito avoidance

Biting flies

Fleas

Chiggers

Centipedes and millipedes

Ticks

Tick avoidance

Tick removal

Tick bite and red meat allergy

Caterpillars

Beetles

Sucking bugs

Skin infestation by fly larvae

Insect repellents and other protection against insects

Screens, bed nets, coils, candles, shields, and traps

Repellents

Leeches

Lightning strike, tornado (cyclone), hurricane (typhoon), flood, earthquake, tidal wave (tsunami), landslide (mudslide), volcano, and snow avalanche

Lightning strike

Lightning avoidance and how to seek safety

Tornado avoidance and how to seek safety

Hurricane: How to seek safety

Flood: How to seek safety

Earthquake: What to do and how to seek safety

Tidal wave: How to seek safety

Landslide: How to seek safety

Volcano

What to do if working or traveling near an active volcano

Snow avalanche

Hazardous aquatic life and aquatic infections

Sharks

Shark avoidance

Barracudas

Moray eels

Sponges

Jellyfish

Coral and barnacle cuts

Sea urchins

Starfish

Cucumbers

Bristleworms

Cone snails (shells)

Stingrays

Avoidance of stingray injuries

Catfish

Scorpionfish

Surgeonfish

Octopuses

Sea snakes

Skin rashes caused by aquatic plants (seaweed dermatitis) or creatures (sea bather’s eruption, swimmer’s itch)

Poisonings from seafood

Scombroid fish poisoning

Pufferfish poisoning

Ciguatera fish poisoning

Paralytic shellfish poisoning

Hallucinatory fish poisoning

Anisakidosis

Underwater diving accidents

Air embolism

Decompression sickness (the “bends”)

Nitrogen narcosis

Ear squeeze

Sinus squeeze

Tooth squeeze

Drowning

Recognizing a victim of drowning

Prevention of drowning

Animal attacks

Animal attacks

General treatment

Special considerations

Avoidance of hazardous animals

Wild plant and mushroom poisoning

Medical history

Treatment for poisonings

Commonly ingested toxic plants and mushrooms

Toxicity of common plants

Part Five. Miscellaneous Information

Oxygen administration

Precautions

Water disinfection

Motion sickness

Jet lag

In flight

Personal safety in an age of conflict, kidnapping, and terrorism

Safe travel

Kidnapping and hostage behavior

Piracy

Blast injuries

First aid kits

Basic supplies

General supplies to consider

Wound care: Preparations and dressings

Splinting and sling material

Eye medications and dressings

Dental supplies

Topical skin preparations

Nonprescription medications

Prescription medications (select what you feel you might need; the drugs listed are “for example”)

Allergy kit

Forest and mountain environments

Aquatic environments

Physicians abroad

Immunizations

Transport of the injured victim

Lifting and moving techniques

Carries and litters

Helicopters

Ground-to-air distress signals

Lost people

Procedures

Intramuscular injection

Fishhook removal

Splinter removal

Ring removal

Zipper removal

Knots and hitches

Dealing with death

Handling a dead body

Emotional considerations

Obtaining assistance

Appendices

Appendix One:  Commonly used drugs (medications) and doses

Appendix Two:  Conversion tables

Appendix Three:  Guidelines for prevention of diseases transmitted via human blood and other bodily fluids

Appendix Four:  Commonly used applications of the SAM splint

Appendix Five:  Emergency canine medicine

Glossary (Including Acronyms and Abbreviations)

Index

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Tags: Tate Higgins, Ali S Arastu, Paul S Auerbach, Medicine, First Aid, Medical Emergencies