Nanomagnetism 1st Edition by Georgia C Papaefthymiou ISBN 1439818460 9781439818466

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ISBN 10: 1439818460
ISBN 13: 9781439818466
Author: Georgia C Papaefthymiou

Nanomagnetism 1st Edition Table of contents:

Part I Fundamental Concepts in Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

1 The Magnetic Field

1.1 Overview and Historical Background

1.2 The Magnetic Field of a Current-Carrying Wire

1.3 Solenoids and Uniform Magnetic Fields

1.4 The Lorentz Force and Cyclotron Motion

1.5 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Wire

1.6 The Magnetic Dipole Moment

1.6.1 Torque Considerations in a Uniform Magnetic Field

1.6.2 Energy Considerations in a Uniform Magnetic Field

1.6.3 Force Considerations in a Non-Uniform Magnetic Field

1.7 Time-Varying Currents and Maxwell’s Equations

1.8 Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field

Exercises

2 Classical and Quantum Treatment of Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism

2.1 Langevin Diamagnetism

2.2 Orbital and Spin Angular Momentum

2.2.1 Concepts from Classical Mechanics

2.2.2 Concepts from Quantum Mechanics

2.3 Atomic Magnetic Moments

2.4 Bound Currents and the Auxiliary Field H

2.5 Magnetic Susceptibility

2.6 Curie’s Law

2.7 Langevin Paramagnetism

2.8 Quantum Theory of Paramagnetism

2.9 The Effect of Crystalline Fields

Exercises

3 Long-Range Magnetic Order

3.1 The Curie–Weiss Law and the Weiss Molecular Field

3.2 The Exchange Interaction

3.3 Direct Exchange

3.3.1 Localized Moments and the Heisenberg Exchange Hamiltonian

3.3.2 Itinerant Electron Theory of Ferromagnetism

3.3.3 Antiferromagnetism

3.3.4 Ferrimagnetism

3.4 Indirect Exchange

3.4.1 Superexchange

3.4.2 The RKKY Interaction

3.5 Magnetic Microstructure

3.5.1 The Hysteresis Loop

3.5.2 The Demagnetizing Field

3.5.3 Magnetic Domains and Magnetic-Domain-Wall Formation

3.5.4 Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy and Easy Axes of Magnetization

3.5.5 Magnetic Anisotropy and Easy Axes of Magnetization

3.5.6 Magnetostatic Energy and Shape Anisotropy

3.5.7 Magnetostriction and Magnetoelastic Energy

Exercises

4 Single-Magnetic-Domain Particles

4.1 Critical Particle Size for Single-Domain Behavior

4.2 Coercivity of Uniaxial Small Particles

4.3 Coherent Spin Rotation of Stoner and Wohlfarth Particles

4.3.1 Coercivity due to Uniaxial Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy

4.3.2 Coercivity due to Particle Shape

4.4 Non-Coherent Spin Rotation Modes

4.5 Size Dependence of Coercivity

4.6 Superparamagnetism

4.7 Collective Magnetic Excitations

4.8 Interparticle Interactions

4.9 Finite-Size Effects and Characteristic Length Scales

4.10 Surface Anisotropy

4.11 Core/Shell Nanostructures

4.12 Exchange Anisotropy

4.13 Magnetic Dimensionality

Exercises

Part II Production of Magnetic Nanoparticles

5 Top-Down Synthesis by Physical Methods

5.1 Particle Nucleation and Growth

5.1.1 Homogeneous Nucleation

5.1.2 Heterogeneous Nucleation

5.2 Gas-Phase Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles

5.2.1 Synthesis of bare 3d Transition Metal Clusters by Pulsed Laser Ablation

5.2.2 Synthesis of Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles by Vaporization–Deposition Technique

5.3 Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles by High-Energy Ball Milling

Exercises

6 Bottom-Up Synthesis by Chemical Methods

6.1 Particle Nucleation and Growth in Solution

6.2 Cluster Stabilization by Terminal Ligation

6.3 Particle Stabilization by Surfactant Molecules

6.4 Production of Metal Particles by Chemical Reduction of Metal Salts

6.5 Preparation of Metal and Metal–Alloy Nanoparticles in Polyol Media

6.6 Preparation of Monodispersed Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Microemulsions

6.7 Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles in Inverse Micelles

6.8 Preparation of Iron Nanoparticles via Thermal Decomposition of Iron Pentacarbonyl

6.8.1 Thermolytic decomposition of Fe(CO)5

6.8.2 Sonochemical Decomposition of Fe(CO)5

6.9 Synthesis of Iron Oxide and Ferrite Magnetic Nanoparticles

Exercises

7 Biogenic Magnetic Nanoparticles

7.1 Biomineralization of Iron

7.2 Formation of Magnetic Nanoparticles by Bacteria

7.2.1 Physico-Chemical Control of Fe3O4 Crystal Growth within Magnetosomes

7.3 Magnetosomes vs. Synthetic Nanomagnetites: Crystallinity and Magnetism

7.4 Ferritin and Its Dual Function in Biological Iron Regulation

7.4.1 Structure of the Ferritin Molecule

7.4.2 Nature of the Ferrihydrite Core

7.4.3 Recombinant HuHF and the Role of the Ferroxidase Center

7.5 Magnetic Properties of Ferritin

Exercises

8 Biomimetic Magnetic Nanoparticles

8.1 Electrostatic Interactions in Ferritin

8.2 Magnetoferritin: Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3 Grown within Apoferritin

8.2.1 Magnetic Moment of Magnetoferritin vs. Ferritin

8.2.1.1 Beyond Iron Oxides

8.2.2 Metal and Metal–Alloy Magnetic Nanoparticles

8.3 Exploring the Ferritin Superfamily

8.4 Other Protein Cages and Viral Capsids as Constrained Reaction Vehicles

8.5 Phage Display Technologies Applied to Magnetic Nanoparticle Synthesis

8.6 Future Promise and Prospects of Biomimetic Synthesis

Exercises

Part III Magnetometry

9 Macromagnetic vs. Micromagnetic Characterization

9.1 Force Methods

9.1.1 The Faraday Balance

9.1.2 The Gouy Balance

9.1.3 The Alternating Field Gradient Magnetometer

9.2 Induction Methods

9.2.1 The Vibrating Sample Magnetometer

9.2.2 The SQUID Magnetometer

9.2.3 The AC Susceptometer

9.3 Magnetic Resonance Methods

9.3.1 Principal Components of EPR/FMR Spectrometers

9.3.2 EPR Spectroscopy

9.3.3 FMR Spectroscopy

9.3.4 Mössbauer Spectroscopy

Exercises

Part IV Applications across the Disciplines

10 Magnetic Recording Media

10.1 The Principles of Magnetic Recording

10.2 Particulate Magnetic Recording Media

10.3 Granular Magnetic Recording Media

10.4 The Transition from Parallel to Perpendicular Magnetic Recording Media

10.5 Bit-Patterned Magnetic Recording Media

10.6 GMR, TMR and the Dawn of Spintronics

Exercises

11 Permanent Magnets

11.1 Introduction to Permanent Magnetism

11.2 Maximum Energy Product (BH)max

11.3 Evolution of Permanent Magnet Materials

11.3.1 Steel-Based Magnets

11.3.2 Alnico Magnets

11.3.3 Ferrite Magnets

11.3.4 Rare-Earth–Based Magnets

11.4 Future Permanent Magnet Materials

11.4.1 Exchange-Coupled Hard/Soft Magnetic Phases: The Exchange-Spring Magnet

11.4.2 Magnetization Reversal in Exchange-Spring Magnets

Exercises

12 Biomedical Applications of Nanomagnetism

12.1 Biocompatibility and Functionalization of Magnetic Nanoparticles

12.2 In Vitro Applications

12.2.1 Magnetic Separation

12.2.2 Theoretical Considerations

12.2.3 Continuous Flow and Microfluidic Magnetic Separators

12.3 In Vivo Applications

12.3.1 Avoiding the Mononuclear Phagocytic System

12.3.2 Magnetically Guided Drug Delivery

12.3.3 Cell-Receptor-Recognition Targeted Drug Delivery

12.4 Magnetofection

12.5 Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia

12.5.1 General Thermodynamic Considerations

12.5.2 Magnetic Thermodynamic Parameters

12.5.3 Response of a Ferrofluid to an Alternating Magnetic Field

12.5.4 Relaxation Times

12.6 Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia for Cancer Therapy

12.7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Contrast Agents

12.7.1 Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

12.7.2 Mode of Action of Superparamagnetic Contrast Agents

12.7.3 Relaxivity of Contrast Agents

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