PostgreSQL Server Programming Second Edition by Usama Dar , Hannu Krosing , Jim Mlodgenski , Kirk Roybal – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery:978-1783980598
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Product details:
ISBN 13: 978-1783980598
Author: Usama Dar , Hannu Krosing , Jim Mlodgenski , Kirk Roybal
Extend PostgreSQL using PostgreSQL server programming to create, test, debug, and optimize a range of user-defined functions in your favorite programming language
About This Book
- Acquaint yourself with all the options to extend PostgreSQL using the programming language of your choice such as C++ and PL/Python
- Work with PostgreSQL 9.4 so you can immediately take advantage of all the improvements and new features
- Utilize the extensive code examples and many novel tips and tricks for maximum performance gain
Who This Book Is For
This book is for moderate to advanced PostgreSQL database professionals who wish to extend PostgreSQL, utilizing the most updated features of PostgreSQL 9.4. For a better understanding of this book, familiarity with writing SQL, a basic idea of query tuning, and some coding experience in your preferred language is expected.
What You Will Learn
- Write functions in the built-in PL/pgSQL language or your language of choice
- Define and use user-defined functions (UDF)
- Scale your data with PL/Proxy
- Extend PostgreSQL to overcome the limitations of classical SQL servers
- Debug using NOTIFY and using PL/pgSQL debugging extensions
- Discover the new features in PostgreSQL 9.4 such as event triggers and other improvements relevant to server-side programming
- Fully integrate the database layer into your development
In Detail
This book will show you that PostgreSQL is so much more than a database server. In fact, it could even be seen as an application development framework, with the added bonuses of transaction support, massive data storage, journaling, recovery, and a host of other features that the PostgreSQL engine provides.
You will get to grips with creating libraries of useful code, grouping them into even more useful components, and distributing them to the community. Then, you will take a look at user-defined functions, and how to define and utilize them efficiently. You will also learn how to extract data from a multitude of foreign data sources and extend PostgreSQL to do it natively. What’s more, you can do all of this in a nifty debugging interface that will allow you to do it efficiently and reliably. This book explores all possible ways to extend PostgreSQL and write server-side code using various programming languages with concrete and easy-to-understand examples.
Table of contents:
1. What Is a PostgreSQL Server?
Why program in the server?
Using PL/pgSQL for integrity checks
About this book’s code examples
Switching to the expanded display
Moving beyond simple functions
Data comparisons using operators
Managing related data with triggers
Auditing changes
Data cleaning
Custom sort orders
Programming best practices
KISS – keep it simple stupid
DRY – don’t repeat yourself
YAGNI – you ain’t gonna need it
SOA – service-oriented architecture
Type extensibility
Caching
Wrapping up – why program in the server?
Performance
Ease of maintenance
Improved productivity
Simple ways to tighten security
Summary
2. Server Programming Environments
Cost of acquisition
Availability of developers
Licensing
Predictability
Community
Procedural languages
Third-party tools
Platform compatibility
Application design
Databases are considered harmful
Encapsulation
What does PostgreSQL offer?
Data locality
More basics
Transactions
General error reporting and error handling
User-defined functions
Other parameters
More control
Summary
3. Your First PL/pgSQL Function
Why PL/pgSQL?
The structure of a PL/pgSQL function
Accessing function arguments
Conditional expressions
Loops with counters
Statement termination
Looping through query results
PERFORM versus SELECT
Looping Through Arrays
Returning a record
Acting on the function’s results
Summary
4. Returning Structured Data
Sets and arrays
Returning sets
Returning a set of integers
Using a set returning function
Functions based on views
OUT parameters and records
OUT parameters
Returning records
Using RETURNS TABLE
Returning with no predefined structure
Returning SETOF ANY
Variadic argument lists
A summary of the RETURN SETOF variants
Returning cursors
Iterating over cursors returned from another function
Wrapping up of functions returning cursors
Other ways to work with structured data
Complex data types for the modern world – XML and JSON
XML data type and returning data as XML from functions
Returning data in the JSON format
Summary
5. PL/pgSQL Trigger Functions
Creating the trigger function
Creating the trigger
Working on a simple “Hey, I’m called” trigger
The audit trigger
Disallowing DELETE
Disallowing TRUNCATE
Modifying the NEW record
The timestamping trigger
The immutable fields trigger
Controlling when a trigger is called
Conditional triggers
Triggers on specific field changes
Visibility
Most importantly – use triggers cautiously!
Variables passed to the PL/pgSQL TRIGGER function
Summary
6. PostgreSQL Event Triggers
Use cases for creating event triggers
Creating event triggers
Creating an audit trail
Preventing schema changes
A roadmap of event triggers
Summary
7. Debugging PL/pgSQL
Manual debugging with RAISE NOTICE
Throwing exceptions
Logging to a file
The advantages of RAISE NOTICE
The disadvantages of RAISE NOTICE
Visual debugging
Installing the debugger
Installing the debugger from the source
Installing pgAdmin3
Using the debugger
The advantages of the debugger
The disadvantages of the debugger
Summary
8. Using Unrestricted Languages
Are untrusted languages inferior to trusted ones?
Can you use untrusted languages for important functions?
Will untrusted languages corrupt the database?
Why untrusted?
Why PL/Python?
Quick introduction to PL/Python
A minimal PL/Python function
Data type conversions
Writing simple functions in PL/Python
A simple function
Functions returning a record
Table functions
Running queries in the database
Running simple queries
Using prepared queries
Caching prepared queries
Writing trigger functions in PL/Python
Exploring the inputs of a trigger
A log trigger
Constructing queries
Handling exceptions
Atomicity in Python
Debugging PL/Python
Using plpy.notice() to track the function’s progress
Using assert
Redirecting sys.stdout and sys.stderr
Thinking out of the “SQL database server” box
Generating thumbnails when saving images
Sending an e-mail
Listing directory contents
Summary
9. Writing Advanced Functions in C
The simplest C function – return (a + b)
add_func.c
Version 0 call conventions
Makefile
CREATE FUNCTION add(int, int)
add_func.sql.in
Summary for writing a C function
Adding functionality to add(int, int)
Smart handling of NULL arguments
Working with any number of arguments
Basic guidelines for writing C code
Memory allocation
Use palloc() and pfree()
Zero-fill the structures
Include files
Public symbol names
Error reporting from C functions
“Error” states that are not errors
When are messages sent to the client?
Running queries and calling PostgreSQL functions
A sample C function using SPI
Visibility of data changes
More info on SPI_* functions
Handling records as arguments or returned values
Returning a single tuple of a complex type
Extracting fields from an argument tuple
Constructing a return tuple
Interlude – what is Datum?
Returning a set of records
Fast capturing of database changes
Doing something at commit/rollback
Synchronizing between backends
Writing functions in C++
Additional resources for C
Summary
10. Scaling Your Database with PL/Proxy
Creating a simple single-server chat
Dealing with success – splitting tables over multiple databases
What expansion plans work and when?
Moving to a bigger server
Master-slave replication – moving reads to slave
Multimaster replication
Data partitioning across multiple servers
Splitting the data
PL/Proxy – the partitioning language
Installing PL/Proxy
The PL/Proxy language syntax
CONNECT, CLUSTER, and RUN ON
SELECT and TARGET
SPLIT – distributing array elements over several partitions
The distribution of data
Configuring the PL/Proxy cluster using functions
Configuring the PL/Proxy cluster using SQL/MED
Moving data from the single to the partitioned database
Connection Pooling
Summary
11. PL/Perl – Perl Procedural Language
When to use PL/Perl
Installing PL/Perl
A simple PL/Perl function
Passing and returning non-scalar types
Writing PL/Perl triggers
Untrusted Perl
Summary
12. PL/Tcl – Tcl Procedural Language
Installing PL/Tcl
A simple PL/Tcl function
Null checking with Strict functions
The parameter format
Passing and returning arrays
Passing composite-type arguments
Accessing databases
Writing PL/Tcl triggers
Untrusted Tcl
Summary
13. Publishing Your Code as PostgreSQL Extensions
When to create an extension
Unpackaged extensions
Extension versions
The .control file
Building an extension
Installing an extension
Viewing extensions
Publishing your extension
Introduction to PostgreSQL Extension Network
Signing up to publish your extension
Creating an extension project the easy way
Providing the metadata about the extension
Writing your extension code
Creating the package
Submitting the package to PGXN
Installing an extension from PGXN
Summary
14. PostgreSQL as an Extensible RDBMS
What can’t be extended?
Creating a new operator
Overloading an operator
Optimizing operators
COMMUTATOR
NEGATOR
Creating index access methods
Creating user-defined aggregates
Using foreign data wrappers
Summary
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Tags: Usama Dar, Hannu Krosing, Jim Mlodgenski, Kirk Roybal, PostgreSQL Server, Programming