Therapeutic Interviewing Essential Skills and Contexts of Counseling 2nd Edition by Michael D Reiter ISBN 9781032050676 1032050675

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ISBN 10: 1032050675
ISBN 13: 9781032050676
Author: Michael D Reiter

Therapeutic Interviewing Essential Skills and Contexts of Counseling 2nd Edition Table of contents:

PART I: The Context of the Therapy Relationship

1 Therapeutic Interviewing: Defining Therapy, Therapeutic Relationships, & The Interview

Dynamics of Interviews

The Therapeutic Interview

Defining Therapy

Common Factors of Therapy

The Helping Process

The Therapeutic Alliance

Characteristics of Effective Therapeutic Relationships

The Goal of Therapeutic Interviews

Are Therapeutic Interviews Effective?

Summary

2 The Therapy Client: Motivation & Understanding of Therapy

Definition of the Person Coming to Therapy

Motivation for Therapy

Characteristics of Clients

Help-Seeking Behavior

Media Presentations of Therapy

Societal View of Those Who Seek Therapy

Opening Up in the First Session

The Client’s Experience in Therapy

Readiness for Change

Precontemplation

Contemplation

Preparation

Action

Maintenance

Spiral Pattern of Change

Summary

3 The Therapeutic Interviewer: Motivation & Impact of Being a Therapist

Motivations for Being a Therapist

Characteristics of Effective Therapists

Countertransference

Therapist Self-Care

Therapist and Mental Health

Therapy for the Therapist

Burnout

Supervision

Therapist Skill Growth

Competence

Specialization Area

Self-Growth

Self-of-the-Therapist

Self-Disclosure

Summary

4 Ethics: The Contract of the Relationship

The Therapeutic Contract

Ethics

Guiding Principles

Beneficence

Duty to Protect

Duty to Warn

Nonmaleficence

Fidelity

Confidentiality

Dual Relationships

Autonomy

Informed Consent

Consent or Assent

Responsibility

Justice

Veracity

Competence

Ethical Decision Making

Summary

PART II: The Context of Skills of Therapy

5 Beginning Conversational Skills: Joining & Maintaining an Interview

Joining Skills

Greeting the Client

Framing the Purpose of Therapy

Therapeutic Distance

Door Openers

Basic Conversational Skills

Minimal Encouragers

Nonverbal Communication

Body Position

Eye Contact

Voice Tone

Attitude

Note Taking

Listening

Listening Barriers

Responding

Silence

Using the Client’s Language

Using Obscenities

Use of Humor

Exaggeration

Therapist Self-Deprecation

Absurdities

Confrontations

Summary

6 Basic Reflecting Skills: Exploring Client Content

The Issue Cycle

Exploring Content

Client Stories

What Is Content?

What Is a Paraphrase?

Building Paraphrases

General and Specific Paraphrases

Nonjudgmental Paraphrases

Connecting Paraphrases with the Basic Conversational Skills

Use of Metaphors

Summary

7 Advanced Reflecting Skills: Exploring Client Feelings and Meanings

Defining Empathy

Empathy in Practice

Curiosity

Content and Feelings

What Are Feelings?

Intensity Levels of Feelings

Designing Reflections

Responding with Reflections

Ownership of Feelings

Phrasing Reflections

First-Person Reflections

Statements or Questions

Paraphrase or Reflection

Reflection of Nonverbal Feelings

Keeping the Focus on the Client

Focusing

Putting It All Together

Summary

8 Questions & Goal-Setting Skills: Asking Purposeful Questions & Developing Collaborative Therapeutic Goals

Questions in the Therapeutic Interview

Why Use Questions

Functions of Questions

1 Questions are sometimes essential.

2 Questions help begin the interview.

3 The first word of certain open questions partially determines what the client will say next.

4 Open-ended questions help elaborate and enrich the client’s story.

5 Questions help bring out concrete specifics of the client’s world.

6 Questions help bring forth client strengths rather than difficulties.

7 Questions have potential problems.

8 In cross-cultural situations, questions can promote distrust.

Open and Closed Questions

Swing Questions

Phrasing Questions

Pitfalls of Questions

Goal-Setting Skills

Are Goals Necessary?

Setting Goals with Clients

Components of Good Goals

Small

Measurable (Specific)

Salient to the Client

Realistic and Attainable

Inclusive of the Client’s Hard Work (In the Client’s Control)

The Start of Something

Able to be Implemented Immediately (In the Here and Now)

Prioritizing Goals

Incorporating Goal Setting Into the Issue Cycle

Summary

9 Endings in Therapy: Summarizing, Ending Sessions, & Termination

Summarizing Client Stories

Ending a Session

Termination

Client-Initiated Endings

Therapist-Initiated Endings

Mutually Initiated Endings

Forced Terminations

Termination as a Transition Point

Dealing with Dependency

Relapse Prevention

Referrals

Summary

10 Pitfalls of Therapy: How to Avoid Being Ineffective

I Common Microskills Mistakes

Why Questions

Don’t You Think/Do You Think

“I Understand”

Basically

“How Does That Make You Feel?”

So

Using Jargon

II Common Intrapersonal Mistakes

Detachment

Moralizing

Going for Quick Solutions

Giving Advice

Being Over-Responsible

Unrealistic Expectations

False Understanding

Giving Reassurance

Confusing the Diagnosis for the Person

Not Accepting Mistakes

Negative Reactions to the Client

Therapist Emotional Distress

Not Being Personally or Theoretically Congruent

III Common Interpersonal Mistakes

Friendship Rather Than Therapy

Arguing with Clients

Boundary Violations

Not Giving or Accepting Feedback

Other Interpersonal Mistakes

IV Learning from Mistakes

Dealing with Ruptures

Becoming More Competent and Effective

Summary

11 Strength-Based Interviewing: Interviewing for Client Resources and Solutions

The Language of the Strengths Perspective

Empowerment

Membership

Resilience

Dialogue and Collaboration

Suspension of Disbelief

Client Competence

Strength-Based Interviewing

Strength-Based Practice

Compliments

Interviewing for Solutions

Presession Change Question

Miracle Question

Exception Questions

Scaling Questions

Coping Questions

What’s Better Questions

Utilizing the Client’s Position

Summary

PART III: The Contexts of Clients

12 Therapeutic Assessment Interviewing: Intake Interviewing, Mental Status Exams, and Crisis Counseling

Intake Interviewing

Identifying Information

Presenting Problem

Relevant Historical Information

History of the Problem

Developmental History

Education and Occupational History

Social History

Medical History

Psychiatric History

Substance Use

Legal History

Diversity Considerations

Initial Impressions

Treatment Plan

Mental Status Exam

Appearance

Behavior/Psychomotor Activity

Attitude Toward Examiner

Affect and Mood

Speech and Thought

Perceptual Disturbances

Orientation and Consciousness

Memory and Intelligence

Reliability, Judgement, and Insight

Diagnostic Interviewing

Crisis Counseling

Defining Crises

Intervening in Crises

Suicide Assessment

Definitions in Risk Assessment

Safety Plan

Documentation

Impact of Conducting Crisis Interviews

Additional Considerations in the Clinical Interview

Diversity Factors: Digging Deeper

Summary

13 Multicultural Interviewing: Working with Diverse Clients

I Orientation to Conducting a Multicultural Therapeutic Interview

Defining Multiculturalism

Cultural Difference Between Therapist and Client

Diversity of Diversity

Intersectionality

II Skills for Conducting a Cross-Cultural Therapeutic Interview

Objectives of Multicultural Competence

Multicultural Competencies (MCC)

Counselor Awareness of Own Assumptions, Values, and Biases

Counselor Awareness of Client’s Worldview

Culturally Appropriate Intervention Strategies

Counseling and Advocacy Interventions

Characteristics of Effective Multicultural Counselors

Culture-Based Interviewing Skills

Opening the Diversity Conversation

III Special Issues When Conducting a Cross-Cultural Therapeutic Interview

Barriers to Effective Multicultural Counseling

Differing Class, Values, and Language

Stereotyping Clients

Counselor Encapsulation

Counselor’s Understanding Their Own Cultures

Client Reluctance and Resistance

Differing Worldviews and Lack of Cultural Relativity

Labeling Women, Multicultural Populations, and the Poor

Expecting All Clients to Conform to Counselors’ Standards and Expectations

White Privilege

Other Privileges

A Theory of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy

Ethical Issues in Diversity

Summary

14 Therapeutic Interviewing with Children

I Orientation to Conducting a Therapeutic Interview with a Child

The Relationship

Language

Children’s Knowledge of the Therapist

II Skills for Conducting a Therapeutic Interview with a Child

Explaining the Interview

Beginning the Session

Interview Length

Closing the Session

Goal Setting

III Special Issues When Conducting a Therapeutic Interview with a Child

Who Is the Client?

Touch

Self-Disclosure

Leading the Child

Handling Termination

Play Therapy

Documents and Awards

Ethical Implications of Working with Children and Adults

Discussing Confidentiality and Informed Consent/Assent

Talking with Parents

Interviewing for Abuse and Neglect

Summary

15 Therapeutic Interviewing with Couples & Families

I Orientation to Conducting a Therapeutic Family Interview

Individual versus Family Therapy

Neutrality

Who Is the Client?

Content Versus Process

Content Information

Process Information

Therapist’s Impact on the Family

Circular Epistemology

Circular Questioning

Interactional Sequences

II Skills for Conducting a Therapeutic Family Interview

Preliminary Information

Joining

Explaining the Purpose of the Family Interview

Who to Start with in the Family Interview?

The First Family Interview

Establishing Mutual Goals

Handling Emotionality

III Special Issues When Conducting a Therapeutic Interview with Couples/Families

Triangulation

Overtalkative Family Members

Absent Family Members

Inappropriate Topics for a Family Interview

Meeting Individually with Family Members

Seating Arrangements

Discipline in Session

Should the Whole Family Always Come?

Private Meetings with an Individual Family Member

Ethical Considerations with Families

Confidentiality

Violence

Summary

16 Therapeutic Interviewing with Groups

I Orientation to Conducting a Therapeutic Group Interview

Therapeutic Factors

Equality Among Members

Process Instead of Content

II Skills for Conducting a Therapeutic Group Interview

Core Competencies of Group Work

Effective Group Therapists

Group Leadership Styles

Beginning Group Therapy Interviews

Conducting Group Therapy Interviews

Ending Group Therapy Interviews

III Special Issues When Conducting a Therapeutic Group Interview

Co-therapy

Advantages of Co-therapy

Disadvantages of Co-therapy

Confronting the Leader

Ethical Implications of Group Counseling

Summary

PART IV: The Contexts of Therapy

17 Office-Based Interviewing: Interviewing in the Therapist’s Domain

I Orientation to Conducting a Therapeutic Interview in the Office

Presentation of Self

Waiting Room

The Office

Seating Arrangements

Interruptions

Telephone Calls Between Sessions

No-Shows, Late Arrivals, and Late Departures

II Skills for Conducting a Therapeutic Interview in the Office

Hierarchy

Termination

III Special Issues When Conducting a Therapeutic Interview in the Office

Safety

The Business of Private Practice

Managed-Care

Summary

18 Home-Based Therapeutic Interviewing: Interviewing in the Client’s Domain

I Orientation to Conducting a Therapeutic Interview in the Home

The Clientele

The Programs

Advantages of Home-Based Therapeutic Interviewing

Challenges of Home-Based Therapy

II Skills for Conducting a Therapeutic Interview in the Home

Characteristics of Effective Home-Based Therapists

Becoming a Home-Based Therapist

What to Do in the Home

Utilizing the Home Environment

The Physical Environment

Interactive Games

Food and Drinks

Collaborative Hierarchy

III Special Issues When Conducting a Therapeutic Family Interview

Phases of Home-Based Sessions

Handling Crises

Safety Issues

Ethical Implications of Home-Based Work

Summary

19 Therapeutic Interviewing in Alternative Settings: Schools, Residential & In-Patient Facilities, & Online Counseling

School-Based Interviewing

School-Based Interviewer as Consultant

Dealing with Difficult Students

Ethics in School-Based Interviewing

Residential and In-Patient Interviewing

Who Is the Client?

Best Practices

Telehealth

Modes of Online Counseling

Is Online for Everyone?

Specific Telehealth Counseling Skills

Physical Setting

Audio Connections

Visual Connection

Be Prepared

Therapeutic Communication

Self-Care When Engaging in Telehealth

Online Crises

Security Issues in Online Counseling

Ethical Issues in Telehealth

Safety Issues in Telehealth

The Future of Telehealth

Summary

References

Index

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Tags: Michael D Reiter, Therapeutic Interviewing, Essential Skills, Counseling