Comprehensive Review of Infectious Diseases 1st Edition by Andrej Spec, Gerome Escota, Courtney Chrisler, Bethany Davies ISBN 9780323568661 0323568661

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ISBN 10: 0323568661
ISBN 13: 9780323568661
Author: Andrej Spec, Gerome Escota, Courtney Chrisler, Bethany Davies

Perfect for board review or quick reference in clinical practice, Comprehensive Review of Infectious Diseases is a balanced, high-yield resource covering the full range of infectious disease topics. Whether you’re preparing for examinations or are looking for a concise resource to support your practice, this unique review contains precisely the information you need – from common infectious diseases concepts and conditions to hundreds of up-to-date review questions and answers for self-assessment and exam preparation.
Covers the most frequently encountered concepts and conditions in infectious diseases.
Covers challenging areas frequently covered on the boards: clinically-relevant microbiology and ID pharmacology, HIV and antiretroviral therapy, infections in immunocompromised hosts, dermatologic manifestations of ID, infection mimics, infection control and prevention, and more.
Includes new and emerging topics such as neglected tropical diseases, bioterrorism, and emerging and re-emerging infections.
Provides 450 case-based, board-style multiple-choice questions and answers for test prep and self-assessment.
Facilitates quick review and maximum retention of information by including hundreds of high-quality illustrations, tables, high-yield boxes, and bulleted lists.
Contains practical tips for taking the boards, buzzwords and memory aids for board questions, and clinical and board pearls.
Edited and written by rising stars in the field of infectious diseases – authors who have recently taken the boards and excelled, and who understand the challenges posed by this complex field of study and practice.
Includes an Expert ConsultTM eBook version with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Review
“This excellent book presents high-yield topics for the ABIM ID board exam.”

Comprehensive Review of Infectious Diseases 1st Edition Table of contents:

Section 1. High Yield Microbiology

1. Bacteriology

Definitions

Gram Stain

Blood Cultures

Specimens for Bacteriology Culture

Pathogen Associations

Gastrointestinal Infections

Identification Methods

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) – Methods

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing – Interpretation

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns – Intrinsic Resistance (Table 1.12)

Acquired Resistance Mechanisms

Potential Treatment Options for Resistant Bacteria

Antimicrobials with Poor CSF Penetration

Antimicrobials with Anaerobic Coverage

Aerobic Actinomycetes (not to be confused with Actinomyces)

Bacteria That Do Not Grow on Routine Culture Media (Table 1.14)

Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB)/Mycobacteria (see Chapters 32 and 33)

Diagnostic Methods – All Mycobacterium spp

Pathology Stains (Table 1.16)

2. Mycology

Classification of Medically Important Fungi

Definitions

Yeast and Yeast-Like Organisms (Table 2.1)

Differences among Candida spp

Thermally Dimorphic Molds (Table 2.2)

Zygomycetes Molds

Hyaline Hyphomycetes (Table 2.3)

Dematiaceous Molds (Table 2.4)

Amphotericin-Resistant Fungi

Diagnostic Methods

3. Virology

Definitions

Useful Information About Viruses

Respiratory Viruses (Table 3.2)

Viral Gastroenteritis (Table 3.4)

Arboviruses (Table 3.5)

Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses

Herpesviruses (Table 3.6)

Hepatitis Viruses (Table 3.8)

Retroviruses (Table 3.11)

Other Viral Agents of Clinical Significance (Table 3.12)

4. Parasitology

Overview of Parasitology

Protozoa (Tables 4.1–4.3)

Intestinal and Urogenital Amebae, Flagellates, and Ciliates

Intestinal Coccidia and Microsporidia

Free-Living Amebae (Table 4.8)

Blood and Tissue Protozoa

Helminths

Nematodes (Roundworms)

Trematodes

Cestodes (Tapeworms)

Identification of Intestinal Pathogens

Specimens and Methods for Diagnosis

Section 2. Antimicrobial Agents

5. Antibacterials

Antibacterial Classes and Mechanism of Action

Antibacterial Agents

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors

Antimetabolites

Summary Tables

6. Antimycobacterial Agents

Introduction

Antimycobacterial Agents

Bedaquiline

Capreomycin

Carbapenems

Cefoxitin

Clofazimine

Cycloserine

Dapsone

Delamanid

Ethambutol

Ethionamide

7. Antifungal Agents

Antifungal Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Principles

Antifungal Classes

Polyenes

Nucleoside Analogs

Azoles (Imidazoles and Triazoles)

Echinocandins

8. Antivirals

Antiviral Drugs Against the Herpesviruses (Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella-Zoster Virus, and Cytomegalovirus)

Antiviral Drugs Against Influenza A and B and Other Respiratory Viruses

Other Antivirals

9. Antiparasitic Agents

Antiparasitic Agents

Antimalarial Drugs

Agents for Leishmania and Trypanosomiasis

Agents for Other Protozoa

Antihelminth Agents

Section 3. Select Syndromes and Conditions by Body System or Pathogen

10. Fevers and Sepsis

Fevers

Epidemiology

Clinical Approach to Fever

Clinical Approach to a Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)

Sepsis

Epidemiology

Clinical Approach to Sepsis

11. Head and Neck Infections

Ophthalmic Infections

Anatomy

Conjunctivitis

Keratitis

Uveitis

Endophthalmitis

Infections of the Head and Neck

Parotitis

Peritonsillar Abscess

Ludwig’s Angina

Vincent’s Angina

Lemierre Syndrome

Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis

Cervicofacial Actinomycosis

Deep Neck Space Infections

Osteomyelitis of the Jaw

12. Central Nervous System Infections

Meningitis

Acute Bacterial Meningitis

Acute Viral Meningitis

Chronic Meningitis

Neurosurgical Infections

Other CNS Infections

Brain Abscess

Subdural Empyema

Epidural Abscesses

Toxin-Mediated Infection

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs)

13. Respiratory Infections

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Epiglottitis

Sinusitis

Bronchitis

Pertussis

Otitis Media

community Respiratory Viruses

Influenza

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Parainfluenza Virus (PIV)

Adenovirus (AdV)

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)

Coronavirus

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Nosocomial Pneumonia

Chronic Pneumonia

Mycobacterial Pneumonia

Pleural Infections

14. Bacteremia and Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections

Definitions

Epidemiology

Gram-Positive BSI

Gram-Negative BSI

Clinical Presentation and Initial Assessment

Treatment

Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)

15. Cardiac and Cardiac Device Infections

Infections Involving Cardiac Structures

Pericarditis

Myocarditis

Rheumatic Fever

Cardiac Device-Related Infection

Mechanical Circulatory Support Device-Related Infections

Infection Involving the Mediastinum

16. Gastrointestinal Infections

Gastroenteritis

Risk Factors for Gastroenteritis

Viral Gastroenteritis

Specific Causes of Viral Gastroenteritis

Bacterial Gastrointestinal Infections

Specific Causes of Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Fresh Water Pathogens

Parasitic Causes of Diarrhea

Toxin-Mediated Gastroenteritis

Specific Causes of Toxin-Mediated Disease

17. Peritonitis, Intraabdominal Abscess, Hepatobiliary Infections, Splenic Infections

Definitions

Peritonitis

Inraabdominal Abscesses

Hepatobiliary Infection

Pancreatitis

Splenic Infection

18. Obstetric and Gynecologic Infections

Lower Genital Tract Infections

Female Pelvic Infections

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) during Pregnancy

Other Infections Complicating Pregnancy

19. Genitourinary Tract Infection

Definitions and Terminology

Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis

Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy

Renal Abscess

Epididymitis, Orchitis, Prostatic Infection

20. Infections of Pregnancy

Complications of Infection in Pregnancy: Overview

Coxiella burnetii

Listeriosis

Streptococcus agalactiae

Syphilis

Toxoplasmosis

Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas Disease)

Measles

Parvovirus B19

Rubella

Zika

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)

Hepatitis B (HBV)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Other Infections in Pregnancy with Adverse Maternal Outcome

21. Sexually Transmitted Infections

Definitions

Approach to the Sexual History

Inflammatory Infections

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Mycoplasma genitalium

Bacterial Vaginosis

Other Causes of Vaginitis

Genital Ulcers

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (and Type 1)

Haemophilus ducreyi (Chancroid)

Donovanosis (granuloma inguinale)

Lipschutz Ulcer

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Other Pathogens Which May be Sexually Transmitted

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

Enteric Pathogens

22. Hepatitis Viruses

Clinical Presentation of Hepatitis

Hepatitis A (HAV)

Hepatitis B (HBV)

Hepatitis C (HCV) (Fig. 22.3)

Hepatitis D

Hepatitis E (Fig. 22.6)

Other Infection-related Hepatic Conditions

23. Viral Exanthems and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases

Introduction

Parvovirus B19

Enterovirus

Measles

Rubella

Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)

Human Herpes Virus 6 and 7

Other Viral Exanthems

24. Disease Due to Spirochetes, Excluding Syphilis

Spirochetes

Endemic Treponematoses

Leptospirosis

Relapsing Fevers

Lyme Borreliosis (Lyme Disease)

25. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections and Toxin-Mediated Diseases

General Principles

Major Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Folliculitis

Furuncles and Carbuncles

Erysipelas

Cellulitis

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection

Pyomyositis

Clostridial Myonecrosis

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Encountered in Unique Clinical Situations (Table 25.2)

Animal Bite Infections

Infections After Traumatic Injury

Infections Associated With Burn Injury

Surgical Site Infections

Other Organism-Specific Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Erysipelothrix Infection

Herpes Zoster

Dermatophytosis

Sporotrichosis

Differential Diagnoses for Organism-Specific Ssti BASED on Skin Lesion Characteristics (Table 25.3)

26. Bone and Joint Infections

Diabetic Foot Infections and Associated Osteomyelitis

Septic Arthritis

Vertebral Osteomyelitis

Prosthetic Joint Infections (PJI)

27. Infections Caused by Yeasts and Yeast-Like Fungi

Cryptococcosis

Pneumocystis

Candidiasis

Other Yeasts

28. The Dimorphic Mycoses

Definitions

Histoplasma capsulatum, H. duboisii

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Coccidioides immitis, C. posadasii

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, P. lutzii

Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei

Sporothrix spp.

Emmonsia spp.

29. Monomorphic Mold Infections

Microbiology

Invasive Pulmonary Mycoses

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis

Ocular Disease

Invasive Fungal Sinusitis

Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis

Central Nervous System Infection

Dermatophytosis

Other Cutaneous Mold Infection

30. Arthropod-Borne Diseases

Major Arthropod-Borne Diseases in the United States

Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA)

Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME)

Babesiosis

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rickettsialpox

Spotted Fever Associated with R. parkeri

STARI (Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness)

Tick Paralysis

Tickborne Relapsing Fever

Trench Fever

Typhus Fevers

Major Arthropod-Borne Diseases in the United States Transmitted by Mosquitoes (Table 30.4)

Arthropod-Borne Illnesses Acquired Abroad

Chagas Disease

African Sleeping Sickness

Oroya Fever

African Tick Bite Fever

Other Travel-Related Vectorborne Spotted Fevers

31. Infections Associated with Animal Exposure

Leptospirosis

Bartonellosis

Brucellosis

Q Fever

Tularemia

Other Important Infections

32. Tuberculosis

Etiology

Epidemiology

Natural History

TB Infection

TB Disease: Clinical Syndromes

TB Diagnosis

Treatment

33. Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections

Introduction

Clinically Important Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Other Clinically Relevant Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Species

34. Protozoa

Introduction

Blood and Tissue Protozoa

American Trypanosomiasis: Chagas Disease

African Trypanosomiasis: Sleeping Sickness

Babesiosis

Leishmaniasis

Toxoplasmosis

Intestinal Protozoa

Neobalantidiasis

Cryptosporidiosis

Cyclosporiasis

Cystoisosporiasis (formerly Isosporiasis)

Amebiasis

Giardiasis

A Few More Notable Intestinal Organisms

Intestinal Pathogens: Summary

Free-Living Ameba

Naegleria

Balamuthia

Acanthamoeba

Sappinia

35. Helminths

Soil-Transmitted Helminths

Ascaris Lumbricoides (Roundworm)

Trichuris Trichiura (Whipworm)

Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale (Hookworm)

Other Nematode Roundworms

Tissue Nematodes

Dracunculiasis: Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea Worm)

Lymphatic Filariasis: Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

Loiasis: Loa loa (African Eye Worm)

Onchocerciasis: Onchocerca volvulus (River Blindness)

Other Important Tissue Nematodes

Schistosomes and Other Flukes (Trematode Flatworms)

Foodborne Trematodes (Fluke Infections)

Clonorchis sinensis (and Opisthorchis spp.): Chinese Liver Fluke

Paragonimiasis (Lung Fluke)

Fasciolopsiasis (Intestinal Trematode); Fasciolopsis Buski

Cestodes

Echinococcosis

Key Features: Summary (see Table 35.1)

Section 4. Infections in the Immunocompromised Host

36. Natural History of HIV

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Transmission

Acute/Early HIV Infection

Long Term Nonprogressor HIV Infection

Diagnostics

Prevention

37. Noninfectious Complications of HIV

Neurologic Complications

Dermatologic Manifestations

Endocrinopathy

Hematologic Manifestations

Kidney Complications

Cardiovascular Complications

Pulmonary Complications

Gastrointestinal Manifestations

Malignancies

Summary of Common HIV-Associated Conditions

38. Antiretroviral Therapy

Antiretroviral Agents

What, When, and Why of Antiretroviral Therapy

Drug–Drug Interactions

Special Considerations

39. Opportunistic Infections in HIV

Definitions

Epidemiology

Diagnostic Approach

Treatment

Prevention

Overview Of Key Opportunistic Infections

Bacterial Infections

Protozoal Infections

Viral Infections

HIV-Associated Malignancies

40. Infections in Patients with Cancer and Immunosuppressive Therapy

Febrile Neutropenia (FN)

Bloodstream Infections

Neutropenic Colitis

Pneumonia

Invasive Mold Infections (see Chapter 29)

Unique Infection Risks in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies

Infections Associated With Other Chemotherapy Agents

Infections Associated With Immunosuppressants

41. Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Introduction

Risk Assessment for Infectious Disease

Donor and Recipient Screening

Vaccinations

Timely Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Complications

42. Infections in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

Definitions

Epidemiology

Infections Encountered After HCT

Clinical Presentation

43. Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders

Definition

Presentation

Assessment

Treatment

Section 5. Specialty Topics

44. Infection Control and Prevention

Definitions

Outbreak Investigation

Infection Prevention Programs

Surveillance for HAIs

Employee Health

Antimicrobial Stewardship

45. Adult Immunization

Definitions

Vaccines Used in Adults

Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Immunization against Tuberculosis

Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Immunization

Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Immunization

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Immunization

Herpes Zoster Immunization

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Immunization

Influenza Immunization

Tetanus, Diphtheria, Acellular Pertussis, and Inactivated Polio Immunization

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Immunization

Meningococcal Immunization

Pneumococcal Immunization

Immunization Recommendations Summary

46. General Principles of Travel Medicine

Pretravel Consultation

Travelers With Special Health Needs

Posttravel Evaluation

47. Bioterrorism

Background

Syndromic Awareness

Categorization of Biological Agents

Category A Organisms

Category B Organisms

48. Syndromes that Mimic Infectious Diseases

Introduction

Fever as Principal Feature

Vasculitis

Neoplastic Disorders

Autoinflammatory Diseases

Fever and Rash

Fever, Muscular Rigidity, Mental Status Change

Fever and Cytopenia

Pneumonia Mimics

Lymphadenopathy

Gastrointestinal Syndromes

Cellulitis Mimics

Osteomyelitis Mimics

Other ID Mimics

49. High Yield Biostatistics

Introduction

Definitions

Common Study Designs in Infectious Diseases

Types of Statistical Tests for Independent Samples

Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests

50. Commonly Encountered Skin Manifestations in Infectious Disease

Bacterial Skin Diseases

Mycobacterial Skin Diseases

Fungal Skin Diseases

Dimorphic Mycoses (see Chapter 28)

viral Skin Diseases

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) (see Chapter 23)

Associated with HIV/AIDS (see Chapters 37 and 39)

Parasitic Skin Diseases

Cutaneous Helminthiasis

Infestations

Summary of Cutaneous Manifestations of Infection

51. ID Memory Aids

A–Z of Zoonoses

Food Associations

Environmental Exposures

‘I say…, you say…’

Disease Associations

Clinical Clues

Hematology Hints

Micro Triggers

Pathology Prompts

Radiological Reminders

Where in the World?

Miscellaneous Mishmash

Key Antimicrobials-Associated Adverse Events

Acronyms

Section 6. Self-Assessment

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