Emerging Concepts in Ribosome Structure Biogenesis and Function 1st Edition by Vijay Kumar ISBN 9780128163641 012816364X

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ISBN 10: 012816364X
ISBN 13: 9780128163641
Author: Vijay Kumar

Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes which are responsible for mRNA translation into proteins. It is a tightly regulated process closely linked to nearly all biochemical and cellular processes, including cell division, growth, and development. Emerging Concepts in Ribosome Structure, Biogenesis, and Function provides a synthesized overview of all the parts engaged in this process. The book begins by providing an introduction to the ribosome factory, its origin, and its evolution of translation. It then goes on to describe ribosome structure including subunits, RNA, and protein components. Ribosome biogenesis and its emergence as a frontier research area for translational potential in cancer and other diseases are also discussed. In addition, the book explores current developments in ribosome research like the emergence of ribosomopathies, how deregulation of ribosome biogenesis can impact disease mechanisms and aging, and the discovery of specialized ribosomes that have specific functions that may translate differentially with consequences on normal and pathological processes. Emerging Concepts in Ribosome Structure, Biogenesis, and Function provides fundamental coverage and emerging research on ribosomes, biogenesis, and their structure and function and is a resourceful introduction for new researchers and those engaged in interdisciplinary ribosomal research.

Provides an overview of ribosome biogenesis and examines its involvement in cell transformation and cancerous growth

Covers disorders related to the ribosome (ribosomopathies) and explains the significance of ribosome dysfunction in human diseases

Includes commonly used methods to study ribosomes, such as polysome preparation, RNA profiling and proteomics, CryoEM, and Cell-free assays along with proper illustrations

Emerging Concepts in Ribosome Structure Biogenesis and Function 1st Edition Table of contents:

Chapter 1. Introduction to ribosome factory, origin, and evolution of translation

Abstract

What are ribosomes?

Basic components and structure of the ribosome

Functions of ribosome

Ribosome biogenesis and assembly

Ribosomal gene mutations and ribosomopathies

Inhibition of ribosome biogenesis

Summary and conclusions

References

Chapter 2. Ribosome structure

Abstract

Introduction

Structure of prokaryotic ribosome

Structure of eukaryotic ribosome

Novel features of the 80S Ribosome’s structure

Eukaryote-specific protein tails

Expansion segments

Intersubunit bridges

Structure of mitochondrial ribosome

Summary and conclusions

References

Chapter 3. rDNA gene structure, transcription, and its coregulation

Abstract

Introduction

Organization and regulation of ribosomal RNA genes

Processing and maturation of pre-rRNA

Organization and regulation of RNA pol III promoter

Summary and conclusions

References

Chapter 4. Ribosome proteins—Their balanced production

Abstract

Introduction

Structure of ribosomes

Ribosomal proteins

Nomenclature of RPs

The function of ribosomal proteins

The 40S small subunit ribosomal proteins

The 60S large subunit ribosomal proteins

Eukaryotic mitochondrial ribosome or mitoribosomes

Extra ribosomal functions of ribosomal proteins

Balanced production of RPs

Summary and conclusions

References

Chapter 5. Ribosome diversity

Abstract

Introduction

Variation in r-protein complement

Paralogues of r-proteins

R-protein posttranslational modifications

Ribosome-associated factors

Contribution of rRNA alternatives in ribosome diversity

Modifications of rRNA contribute to ribosome diversity

Special ribosomes of mitochondria

Congenital anomalies and mutations of ribosomal proteins

Summary and conclusions

References

Chapter 6. Ribosome cycle—Assembly, degradation, and recycling

Abstract

Introduction

Ribosome assembly

Degradation of the ribosome and ribosomal proteins

Ribosome recycling

Summary and conclusions

References

Chapter 7. Ribosomal biogenesis in eukaryotes

Abstract

Introduction

Yeast as an eukaryotic model to study ribosome biogenesis

Preinitiation complex formation

Control of rDNA transcription

Processing of pre-rRNA

Coordination of folding and processing of pre-rRNA

Roles of the ribosomal proteins

Role of ribosome assembly factors

Maturation of ribosomal subunits

Modifications of pre-RNA

Summary and conclusions

References

Further reading

Chapter 8. Ribosome biogenesis in prokaryotes

Abstract

Introduction

Escherichia coli as a model organism to study ribosome biogenesis

r-RNA gene structure, transcription, and posttranscriptional processing

Regulation of rrn expression

Structure of the ribosomal protein-coding genes, the operons and regulation of expression

Modification of RPs

Assembly of ribosome

Association and dissociation of ribosomal subunits

Ribosome degradation, modifications, and recycling

Ribosome biogenesis in archaebacteria

Summary and conclusions

References

Chapter 9. Translation—Process and control

Abstract

The process of translation

Translation initiation

Translation elongation

Termination of translation

Control of translation

Ribosome profiling

References

Chapter 10. Inhibitors of ribosome biogenesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Abstract

Introduction

Prokaryotic ribosome biogenesis and inhibitors

Eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis and inhibitors

Conclusions

References

Chapter 11. Ribosomopathies—A tree of pathologies with many roots and branches!

Abstract

Introduction

Diamond-Blackfan anemia

Other ribosomopathies

Suspected ribosomopathies

Is cancer a ribosomopathy?

Conclusions

References

Chapter 12. Ribosomal profiling—Diversity and applications

Abstract

Introduction

Tools and techniques of ribosome profiling

Quality control of mRNA

Understanding the mechanism and regulation of translation

Diversity and applications of ribosome profiling

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Tags: Vijay Kumar, Emerging Concepts, Ribosome Structure, Biogenesis