Exploring Zoology A Laboratory Guide 3rd Edition by David Smith, Michael Schenk ISBN 9781640432055 1640432051

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ISBN 10: 1640432051
ISBN 13: 9781640432055
Author: David Smith, Michael Schenk

Exploring Zoology A Laboratory Guide 3rd Edition Table of contents:

CHAPTER 1 — Fundamental Laboratory Skills

EXERCISE 1-1: Metric Weights and Measurements

EXERCISE 1-2: The Compound Microscope

Care and Use of the Microscope

Using High-Power Lenses

Magnification

Field of View

Depth of Field

EXERCISE 1-3: Making a Wet Mount

EXERCISE 1-4: The Stereoscopic or Dissecting Microscope

EXERCISE 1-5: Basic Dissection Techniques

EXERCISE 1-6: Body Symmetry, Body Planes, and Body Regions

Body Symmetry

Body Planes and Regions

Questions for Review

CHAPTER 2 — Animal Cells and Tissues

Understanding Cells: The Cell Theory

EXERCISE 2-1: Animal Cell

EXERCISE 2-2: Vertebrate Tissues

Epithelial Tissues

Connective Tissues

Muscle Tissues

Nervous Tissue

Questions for Review

CHAPTER 3 — Reproduction, Regeneration, and Cell Division

Growth and Regeneration

The Cell Cycle

EXERCISE 3-1: Stages and Events of Mitosis

Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Cytokinesis

EXERCISE 3-2: Stages and Events of Meiosis

EXERCISE 3-3: Gametogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Oogenesis

Questions for Review

CHAPTER 4 — Animal Development

Fertilization

Influence of Yolk on Cleavage Patterns

EXERCISE 4-1: Sea Star Embryonic Development

Unfertilized Egg

Fertilized Egg

Two-Cell through Eight-Cell Stages

Morula (16–32 Cell Stages)

Blastula (64+ Cell Stages

Early Gastrula

Late Gastrula

Bipinnaria Larva

EXERCISE 4-2: Frog Embryonic Development

Unfertilized Egg

Fertilized Egg

Early Cleavage

Late Cleavage

Blastula

Gastrula

Neurula

Larva

EXERCISE 4-3: In Vitro Fertilization with Sea Urchins

Precautions for Successful Development

Obtaining Gametes

Fertilization

Cleavage

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 5 — Taxonomy and Systematics

EXERCISE 5-1: Introduction to Classical Taxonomy

Naming Earth’s Living Things

Hierarchical Classification

EXERCISE 5-2: Interpreting and Constructing Phylogenies

Linking Classification and Systematics

How Phylogenies Are Reconstructed

Sources of Phylogenetic Information

Building Simple Phylogenies

Using Molecular Evidence to Determine Evolutionary Relationships

Questions for Review

CHAPTER 6 — Animal-like Protists

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 6-1: Phylum Euglenozoa (Euglenoids, Kinetoplastids)

Euglenoids (Ex: Euglena)

Kinetoplastids (Ex: Trypanosoma)

EXERCISE 6-2: Alveolata (Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans, Ciliates)

Dinoflagellates (Phylum Dinoflagellata)

Apicomplexans (Phylum Apicomplexa)

Ciliates (Phylum Ciliophora)

EXERCISE 6-3: Unikonta (Amoebas, Choanoflagellates, Animals, Fungi)

Amoebas

Choanoflagellates

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 7 — Sponges

Sponge Body Types

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 7-1: Sponge Anatomy

Reproduction in Sponges

EXERCISE 7-2: Observation of Spicules: The Sponge Skeleton

EXERCISE 7-3: Observing Water Flow in Freshwater Sponges

EXERCISE 7-4: Cellular Reaggregation in Sponges

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 8 — Ctenophores and Cnidarians

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 8-1: Hydrozoans (Class Hydrozoa)

Solitary Hydrozoans

The Cnidocyte: A Closer Look

Colonial Hydrozoans

EXERCISE 8-2: True Jellyfish (Class Scyphozoa)

EXERCISE 8-3: Sea Anemones and Corals (Class Anthozoa)

EXERCISE 8-4: Comb Jellies (Phylum Ctenophora)

EXERCISE 8-5: Investigating Cnidarian Feeding Behavior

Using the Scientific Method

Experimental Protocol

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 9 — Flatworms

Animal Body Plans

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 9-1: Planaria (Class Turbellaria)

EXERCISE 9-2: Flukes (Class Trematoda)

Sheep Liver Fluke

Human Liver Fluke

EXERCISE 9-3: Tapeworms (Class Cestoda)

EXERCISE 9-4: Investigating Flatworm Behaviors

Chemosensory and Feeding Behaviors

Photosensory Behaviors

Tactile Responses

A Simple Model for Learning

EXERCISE 9-5: Investigating Regeneration in Flatworms

Questions for Rreview

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 10 — Rotifers, Bryozoans, and Brachiopods

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 10-1: Rotifers (Phylum Rotifera)

Acanthocephala “Spiny-headed Worms”

EXERCISE 10-2: Moss Animals (Phylum Bryozoa)

EXERCISE 10-3: Lamp Shells (Phylum Brachiopoda)

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 11 — Molluscs

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 11-1: Snails, Slugs, and Nudibranchs (Class Gastropoda)

EXERCISE 11-2: Clams and Mussels (Class Bivalvia)

Feeding and Reproduction

Circulation

EXERCISE 11-3: Squids and Octopuses (Class Cephalopoda)

Reproduction

Digestion, Excretion, and Respiration

Circulation

The Cephalopod Eye

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 12 — Annelids

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 12-1: Sandworms (Class Polychaeta)

EXERCISE 12-2: Earthworms (Class Clitellata, Subclass Oligochaeta)

Earthworm External Anatomy

Earthworm Internal Anatomy

Earthworm Reproduction

EXERCISE 12-3: Leeches (Class Clitellata, Subclass Hirudinea)

EXERCISE 12-4: Investigating Annelid Circulation and Locomotion

Observation of Circulation

Observation of Locomotion and Reflexes

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 13 — Roundworms

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 13-1: Roundworms (Phylum Nematoda)

Ascaris Internal Anatomy

Ascaris Cross Section

EXERCISE 13-2: Investigating Locomotion in the Vinegar Eel

Using the Scientific Method

Experimental Protocol

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 14 — Arthropods

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 14-1: Trilobites (Subphylum Trilobitomorpha, Class Trilobita)

EXERCISE 14-2: Horseshoe Crabs (Subphylum Chelicerata, Class Merostomata)

EXERCISE 14-3: Spiders, Scorpions, Ticks, and Mites (Subphylum Chelicerata, Class Arachnida)

EXERCISE 14-4: Centipedes (Subphylum Myriapoda, Class Chilopoda)

EXERCISE 14-5: Millipedes (Subphylum Myriapoda, Class Diplopoda)

EXERCISE 14-6: Crustaceans (Subphylum Crustacea, Class Malacostraca)

Crayfish External Anatomy

Crayfish Internal Anatomy

EXERCISE 14-7: Insects (Subphylum Hexapoda, Class Insecta)

Grasshopper External Anatomy

Grasshopper Internal Anatomy

EXERCISE 14-8: Investigating Orientation Behaviors

Responses to Humidity and Light in Isopods

Experimental Protocol

Using the Scientific Method

Using the Scientific Method

Using the Scientific Method

Phototaxis in Cladocercans

Experimental Protocol

Using the Scientific Method

Experimental Protocol

EXERCISE 14-9: Investigating Osmoregulation in Crayfish

Experimental Protocol

Using the Scientific Method

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 15 — Echinoderms

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 15-1: Sea Lilies, Feather Stars (Class Crinoidea)

EXERCISE 15-2: Brittle Stars (Class Ophiuroidea)

EXERCISE 15-3: Sea Urchins, Sand Dollars (Class Echinoidea)

EXERCISE 15-4: Sea Stars (Class Asteroidea)

Sea Star External Anatomy

Sea Star Internal Anatomy

EXERCISE 15-5: Sea Cucumbers (Class Holothuroidea)

EXERCISE 15-6: Investigating Locomotion in Sea Stars and Sea Urchins

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 16 — Tunicates and Cephalochordates

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 16-1: Tunicates (Subphylum Urochordata)

Adult Tunicates

Larval Tunicates

EXERCISE 16-2: Lancelets (Subphylum Cephalochordata)

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 17 — Jawless Fishes

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 17-1: Hagfishes (Class Myxini)

EXERCISE 17-2: Lampreys (Class Petromyzontida)

External Anatomy

Internal Anatomy

Larval Lamprey

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 18 — Cartilaginous Fishes

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 18-1: Sharks, Rays, and Skates (Class Chondrichthyes)

External Anatomy

Digestive System

Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Excretory and Reproductive Systems

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 19 — Ray-finned Fishes

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 19-1: Ray-finned Fishes (Class Actinopterygii)

Skeletal System

External Anatomy

Digestive System

Excretory and Reproductive Systems

Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 20 — Amphibians

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 20-1: Frogs (Order Anura)

External Anatomy

Skeletal System

Musculature

Digestive System

Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Urogenital System

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 21 — Reptiles

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 21-1: Turtles and Tortoises (Order Testudines)

External Anatomy

Skeletal System

Digestive System

Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Urogenital Syste

EXERCISE 21-2: Snakes and Lizards (Order Squamata

External Anatomy

Skeletal System

Digestive System

Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Urogenital System

EXERCISE 21-3: Alligators and Crocodiles (Order Crocodilia)

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 22 — Birds

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 22-1: Birds (Class Aves)

Skeletal System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Circulatory System

Reproductive and Excretory Systems

EXERCISE 22-2: A Closer Look at Feathers

Questions for Review

Laboratory Practical Challenge

CHAPTER 23 — Mammals

Evolutionary History

EXERCISE 23-1: Skeletal System

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

EXERCISE 23-2: Body Cavities in Vertebrates

EXERCISE 23-3: Fetal Pig (Order Artiodactyla)

External Anatomy

Musculature

Digestive System

Circulatory System

Respiratory System

Excretory and Reproductive Systems

Endocrine System

EXERCISE 23-4: Rats (Order Rodentia)

External Anatomy

Musculature

Digestive System

Circulatory System

Respiratory System

Excretory and Reproductive Systems

Endocrine System

EXERCISE 23-5: Nervous System

The Mammalian Brain

The Mammalian Eye

EXERCISE 23-6: Sheep Heart

Questions for Review

APPENDIX

References

Glossary

Photo Credits

Index

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