Global Politics 3rd Edition by Ben Whitham, Andrew Heywood ISBN 9781350328419 1350328413

1 INTRODUCING GLOBAL POLITICS

FROM ‘THE INTERNATIONAL’ TO‘THE GLOBAL’?

From State-Centrism to the Mixed-Actor Model and Interdependence?

From the Domestic/International Divide to Transnationalism?

From International Anarchy to Global Governance?

GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

Defining and Debating Globalization

Anti-globalization Politics

Globalism, Worlding and Worldism: Imagining Global Politics

LENSES ON GLOBAL POLITICS

Traditional Perspectives

Critical Perspectives

CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN GLOBAL POLITICS

USING THIS BOOK

2 THE HISTORY OF GLOBAL POLITICS

THE MAKING OF THE GLOBAL WORLD

From the First Humans to ‘Civilizations’

The Dawn of the Age of Sail

Colonialism and Capitalism Remake the World

Industrialization and Imperialism

THE ‘SHORT’ TWENTIETH CENTURY:1914–90

The Dawn of Mass Societies and Social Movements

The First World War

The Second World War

End of Empires

Rise and Fall of the Cold War

THE WORLD SINCE 1990

A ‘New World Order’?

9/11: The Return of History?

The Return of Multipolarity

3 TRADITIONAL THEORIES OF GLOBAL POLITICS

WHAT IS THEORY?

Types of Theory

Components of Theory

THE BIRTH OF IR THEORY AND THE‘MYTH’ OF 1919

The Traditional Narrative

A Foundational Myth?

Decolonial Reflections on IR’s ‘Origins Story’

REALISM

Classical Realism

Statecraft and the National Interest

Anarchy and Its Implications

Polarity, Stability and the Balance of Power

Assessing and Revising Realism

LIBERALISM

Interdependence Liberalism

Republican Liberalism

Closing the Realist/Liberal Divide?

Neoliberal Institutionalism

Assessing Liberalism

THINKING GLOBALLY

Challenge of Interconnectedness

Cosmopolitanism

4 CRITICAL THEORIES OF GLOBAL POLITICS

THEORY AS CRITIQUE

The ‘Critical’ in Critical Theory

Critical Theories and the International

ANTI-COLONIAL, POSTCOLONIAL, AND DECOLONIAL THEORIES

The Postcolonial Condition

Anti-colonial Praxis

Theorizing Postcolonial World Order

FEMINIST THEORIES

The Microsocial Roots of FeministInternational Thought

Feminisms and the International

Theorizing International Relations with Feminist Thought

MARXIST, NEO-MARXIST, AND POST-MARXIST THEORIES

Marxism and the International

Strands of Marxism

POST-STRUCTURALIST THEORY

Post-structuralism and the International

CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORIES

Constructivism and the International

Constructivism, Conflict and Change in the International System

THE FUTURE OF CRITICAL THEORY IN GLOBAL POLITICS

Tensions and Synergies within Critical Theory

New Critical Theories for New Crises and New Injustices?

5 THE ECONOMY IN A GLOBAL AGE

CAPITALISM AND NEOLIBERALISM

Visions and Models of Capitalism

Enterprise Capitalism

Social Capitalism

State Capitalism

Racial Capitalism

The ‘Triumph’ of Neoliberalism

Implications of Neoliberalism

ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

Causes of Economic Globalization

How Globalized Is Economic Life?

GLOBAL CAPITALISM IN CRISIS

Explaining Booms and Slumps

Lessons of the Great Crash

Modern Crises and ‘Contagions’

The Asian Financial Crisis

The 2007 Crash, the Global Financial Crisisand the Great Recession

Resurgent Nationalisms and the Longer-TermEffects of Global Financial Crisis

6 THE STATE, THE INDIVIDUAL AND FOREIGN POLICY IN A GLOBAL AGE

STATES AND STATEHOOD IN FLUX

States and Sovereignty

The State and Globalization

State Transformation

Behavioural Economics and the ‘Nudge’ State

The Postmodern State

Return of the State

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TOMULTILEVEL GOVERNANCE

From Government to Governance

Multilevel Governance

FOREIGN POLICY

The End of Foreign Policy?

How Decisions Are Made

7 SOCIETY IN A GLOBAL AGE

SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS: THICKTO THIN?

From Industrialization to Post-industrialism

Colonization and Decolonization

New Technology and ‘Information Society’

Risk, Uncertainty and Insecurity

GLOBALIZATION, CONSUMERISM, AND THE INDIVIDUAL

Understanding the Global through the Social

Social and Cultural Implications of Globalization

Consumerism Goes Global

Rise of Individualism

GLOBAL CIVIL SOCIETY

Explaining Global Civil Society

Transnational Social Movements and NGOs

Globalization from Below?

8 NATIONS AND NATIONALISMS IN A GLOBAL AGE

NATIONALISM AND WORLD POLITICS

Making Sense of Nationalism

A World of Nation States

Nationalism, War, and Conflict

NATIONS IN AN AGE OF MIGRATION

A World on the Move

Transnational Communities and Diasporas

NATIONALISM REVIVED

The Resurgence of Nationalism in theTwenty-First Century

Resurgence of Cultural Nationalism

Resurgence of White Nationalism

9 THE GLOBAL POLITICS OF IDENTITY, DIFFERENCE AND CULTURE

IDENTITY AND ITS POLITICS

Identity and Culture

Global Identities, Global Inequalities

Difference and Global Social Conflict

The End of Multiculturalism?

RELIGIOUS REVIVALISM

Religion and Politics

The Fundamentalist Upsurge

IDENTITY, CULTURE, AND CONTESTED WORLD ORDERS

Cultural Hegemony: From an Americanto a Chinese World Order?

‘The West’ vs ‘the Rest’?

‘Asian Values’

10 POWER AND TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY WORLD ORDER

THEORIES OF POWER AND GLOBAL POLITICS

Power As Capability

Sources of State Power

Relational Power

Structural Power

Changing Nature of Power

From ‘Power Over’ to ‘Power With’

COLD WAR BIPOLARITY AND ITS AFTERMATH

Cold War Bipolarity

The End of the Cold War

The ‘New World Order’ and Its Fate

UNIPOLARITY: US HEGEMONY ANDWORLD ORDER

Rise to Hegemony

The ‘War on Terror’ and Beyond

Benevolent or Malign Hegemony?

A MULTIPOLAR GLOBAL ORDER?

Rise of Emerging Powers

Beyond State-centric Models of World Order

Multipolar Order or Disorder?

11 WAR AND PEACE

NATURE OF WAR

Types of War

Why Do Wars Occur?

The Human Level

The Societal Level

The State Level

The Structural Level

War as a Continuation of Politics

CHANGING FACE OF WAR

From ‘Old’ Wars to ‘New’ Wars?

‘Hybrid’ Warfare and Cyberattacks

JUSTIFYING WAR

Realpolitik

Just War Theory

Pacifism

12 THE GLOBAL POLITICS OFWEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION

DEFINING WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION

The Earliest Definition

The Contemporary Definition

NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION

Nature of Nuclear Weapons

Proliferation during the Cold War

Proliferation in the Post-Cold War Era

NUCLEAR ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT

Arms Control and Anti-proliferationStrategies

A World Free of Nuclear Weapons?

13 TERRORISM

UNDERSTANDING TERRORISM

Defining Terrorism

Rise of ‘New’ Terrorism?

SIGNIFICANCE OF TERRORISM

Terrorism Goes Global

The Globalization of White Supremacist Terror

COUNTERING TERRORISM

Strengthening State Security

Military Repression

Political Deals

14 HUMAN RIGHTS ANDHUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION

DEFINING HUMAN RIGHTS

The Individual in Global Politics

Types of Human Rights

Implications of Human Rights for Global Politics

THE HUMAN RIGHTS REGIME

The UN

NGOs

States

CHALLENGING HUMAN RIGHTS

Philosophical Backlash

Postcolonial Critiques

HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION

Rise and Decline of Humanitarian Intervention

Humanitarian Intervention and the‘New World Order’

Humanitarian Intervention and the ‘War on Terror’

Conditions for Humanitarian Intervention

A ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (R2P)?

Does Humanitarian Intervention Work?

15 INTERNATIONAL LAW

NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

What Is Law?

Sources of International Law

Why Is International Law Obeyed?

INTERNATIONAL LAW IN FLUX

From International Law to World Law?

Developments in the Laws of War

International Tribunals and the International Criminal Court

16 POVERTY, DEVELOPMENT AND INEQUALITY

UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND DEVELOPMENT

Defining and Measuring Poverty

Development: Competing Visions

A MORE UNEQUAL WORLD?

Making Sense of Global Inequality

Contours of Global Inequality

Globalization, Poverty and Inequality

Does Global Inequality Matter?

DEVELOPMENT AND THE POLITICSOF AID

Structural Adjustment Programmes and Beyond

International Aid and the Development Ethic

Debt Relief and Fair Trade

17 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

THE RISE OF GREEN POLITICS

The Environment As a Global Issue

Green Politics: Reformism or Radicalism?

CLIMATE CHANGE

Causes of Climate Change

Consequences of Climate Change

How Should Climate Change Be Tackled?

Why Is International Cooperation So Difficult to Achieve?

RESOURCE SECURITY

Resources, Power, and Prosperity

18 WOMEN, GENDER ANDSEXUALITY IN GLOBAL POLITICS

FEMINISM, GENDER AND GLOBALPOLITICS

Feminist Thought and Movement

‘Gender Lenses’ on Global Politics

GENDERING AND QUEERING GLOBAL POLITICS

Gendered States and Gendered Nations

Gendering Security, War and Armed Conflict

Gender, Globalization and Development

Queering and Decolonizing GenderedGlobal Politics

19 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSAND THE UNITED NATIONS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION

Rise of International Organization

Why Are International Organizations Created?

THE UNITED NATIONS

From the League of Nations to the UN

The Structure of the UN

Promoting Peace and Security

From Peacekeeping to Peace-Building

Does UN Peacekeeping and Peace-BuildingWork?

Promoting Economic and Social Development

Future of the UN: Challenges and Reform

20 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

What Global Governance Is, and Is Not

Global Governance: Myth or Reality?

GLOBAL ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE

Beginnings of the Bretton Woods System

Fate of the Bretton Woods System

EVALUATING GLOBAL ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE

The International Monetary Fund

The World Bank

The World Trade Organization

REFORMING THE BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM?

Global Economic Governance and the 2007–9 Crisis

A ‘Beijing Consensus’?

21 REGIONALISM AND GLOBALPOLITICS

REGIONS AND REGIONALISM

Nature of Regionalism

Why Regionalism?

Regionalism and Globalization

Regionalism in Asia

Regionalism in Africa

Regionalism in the Americas

Regionalism in Europe

22 WHOSE GLOBAL POLITICS?

WHITHER ‘THE GLOBAL’?

Tensions in the Global Village

The End of the Global, or of Globalism?

A Reordering of Global Politics

CONTENDING VISIONS OF THE GLOBAL FUTURE

A Borderless World?

A World of Democracies?

A Chinese Century?

The Growth of International Community?

The Rise of the Global South?

The Coming Environmental Catastrophe?

Global Politics Beyond the Globe?

AN UNKNOWABLE FUTURE?

Whose Global Future?

Bibliography

Index