Human Rights and US Foreign Policy Prevarications and Evasions 1st Edition by Clair Apodaca ISBN 9781351205818 1351205811

1 The Battlefield of Foreign Aid as Foreign Policy

Presidential-Congressional Struggle over Foreign Aid

The Conflict within Congress over Foreign Aid

Bureaucratic Politics in Foreign Aid Allocations

Administering Foreign Policy: Who Is in Charge of the Bureaucracy?

Inception of Contemporary Human Rights Policy: The Fraser Committee

Bureau of Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs (HRHA)

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices

Human Rights Legislation

Foreign Aid

Bilateral Economic Aid

Bilateral Security Assistance

Multilateral Aid

The Prevaricator Who Set the Bar: Richard Nixon (1969–August 1974)

Notes

References

2 U.S. Human Rights Policy during the Cold War: A Historical Overview

The Ford Administration (August 1974–1977)

The Carter Administration (1977–1981)

The Reagan Administration (1981–1989)

Conclusion

Notes

References

3 U.S. Human Rights Policy in the Post-Cold War Era: A Decade of Lost Opportunities

The Bush, Sr. Administration (1989–1993)

The Clinton Administration (1993–2001)

Conclusion

Notes

References

4 The Prevaricator in Chief: George W. Bush (2001–2009)

Torture (and Other Violations of Human Rights) and Its Justification

Bush’s Wars on Terror

Coalition of the Willing

Women’s Rights as Validation for the Global War on Terror

Foreign Aid as a Tool in the Global War on Terror

Economic Aid

Military Aid

DOD’s Increasing Role in Foreign Aid

Congressional Actions and Inactions

Bureaucratic Policymaking and the Presidential Agenda

Conclusion

Notes

References

5 The Prevaricator of Change: Barack Obama (2009–2017)

Similarities and Continuities with George W. Bush’s Human Rights Policies in the War on Terror/Overseas Contingency Operations

Permanence of Terror Policy: Guantánamo, Military Commissions, and Rendition

Foreign Aid Remains a Tool of Counterterrorism

“Things Are Going to Get Worse”

Traitors or Whistleblowers: The Government’s Desire for Secrecy versus the Public’s Right to Know

Bagram: Obama’s Gitmo

Drones and Targeted Killing

Failure to Prosecute

Improvements in Human Rights Policies

Interrogation Methods

LGBTQ Rights

Congressional Actions and Inactions

Bureaucratic Resistance

Conclusion

Notes

References

6 A Prevaricator Who Told the Truth: Donald Trump (2017–)

A Billionaire as the Voice of the Everyman (and Perhaps Woman)

Governmental Policies toward Socially Constructed Groups

The Deviants

Scapegoating Muslim Refugees and Mexican Immigrants

The Nasty Women: Dismantling Women’s Reproductive Rights

LGBTQ Community

Terrorists: Continuity with the Policies of Torture and Assassination

Foreign Aid as a Discarded Tool of Foreign Policy

Military Aid and Arms Sales Making America Great Again

Congressional Push Back to Trump’s Agenda

Bureaucratic Resistance to Trump’s Agenda

Use of Loyalty Oaths and the Presidential Pardon

Conclusion

Notes

References

7 The Future of U.S. Human Rights Policy

Complying with Human Rights Norms

The Populist Turn

Apocalyptic Predictions: Sikkink vs. Hopgood

Prevaricating Policy

Notes

References

Index