Elementary Statistics 4th Edition by William Navidi, Barry Monk ISBN 9781264417001 1264417004

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ISBN 10: 1264417004
ISBN 13: 9781264417001
Author: William Navidi, Barry Monk

Elementary Statistics 4th Edition Table of contents:

Chapter 1: Basic Ideas

Chapter 1 Introduction

Introduction

1.1 Sampling

Simple Random Sampling

Samples of Convenience

Problems with samples of convenience

Some Other Sampling Methods

Statistics and Parameters

Section 1.1 Exercises

1.2 Types of Data

Data Sets

Qualitative and Quantitative Variables

Ordinal and Nominal Variables

Discrete and Continuous Variables

Ratio and Interval Levels of Measurement

Section 1.2 Exercises

1.3 Design of Experiments

Experiments and Observational Studies

Randomized Experiments

Observational Studies

Types of Observational Studies

Section 1.3 Exercises

1.4 Bias in Studies

Defining Bias

Identifying Sources of Bias

A Big Sample Size Doesn’t Make Up for Bias

Section 1.4 Exercises

Chapter 1 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Air Pollution And Respiratory Symptoms

Chapter 2: Graphical Summaries of Data

Chapter 2 Introduction

Introduction

2.1 Graphical Summaries for Qualitative Data

Frequency Distributions for Qualitative Data

Relative frequency distributions

Bar Graphs

Pareto charts

Pie Charts

Section 2.1 Exercises

2.2 Frequency Distributions and Their Graphs

Frequency Distributions for Quantitative Data

Histograms

Shapes of Histograms

Frequency Polygons and Ogives

Section 2.2 Exercises

2.3 More Graphs for Quantitative Data

Stem-and-Leaf Plots

Dotplots

Time-Series Plots

Section 2.3 Exercises

2.4 Graphs Can Be Misleading

Positioning the Vertical Scale

The Area Principle

Three-Dimensional Graphs and Perspective

Section 2.4 Exercises

Chapter 2 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Do Hybrid Cars Get Better Gas Mileage?

Chapter 3: Numerical Summaries of Data

Chapter 3 Introduction

Introduction

3.1 Measures of Center

The Mean

The Median

Comparing the Properties of the Mean and Median

The Mode

Approximating the Mean with Grouped Data

The Weighted Mean

Section 3.1 Exercises

3.2 Measures of Spread

The Range

The Variance

The Standard Deviation

Approximating the Standard Deviation with Grouped Data

The Empirical Rule

Chebyshev’s Inequality

The Coefficient of Variation

Section 3.2 Exercises

3.3 Measures of Position

The z-Score

Quartiles

Percentiles

The Five-Number Summary

Outliers

Boxplots

Section 3.3 Exercises

Chapter 3 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Can Recycled Materials Be Used In Electronic Devices?

Chapter 4: Summarizing Bivariate Data

Chapter 4 Introduction

Introduction

4.1 Correlation

Scatterplots

The Correlation Coefficient

Correlation Is Not Causation

Section 4.1 Exercises

4.2 The Least-Squares Regression Line

The Least-Squares Regression Line

Using the Least-Squares Regression Line for Prediction

Interpreting the Least-Squares Regression Line

Section 4.2 Exercises

4.3 Features and Limitations of the Least-Squares Regression Line

Don’t Make Predictions Outside the Range of the Data

Construct a Residual Plot to Determine Whether a Relationship Is Linear

Outliers and Influential Points

The Coefficient of Determination

Section 4.3 Exercises

Chapter 4 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: How are Inflation and Unemployment Related?

Chapter 5: Probability

Chapter 5 Introduction

Introduction

5.1 Basic Concepts of Probability

Probability Models

Approximating Probabilities with the Empirical Method

Simulation

Section 5.1 Exercises

5.2 The Addition Rule and the Rule of Complements

The General Addition Rule

Mutually Exclusive Events

Complements

Section 5.2 Exercises

5.3 Conditional Probability and the Multiplication Rule

Conditional Probability

The General Multiplication Rule

Independence

Determining Which Method to Use

Section 5.3 Exercises

5.4 Counting

The Fundamental Principle of Counting

Permutations

Combinations

Section 5.4 Exercises

Chapter 5 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: How Likely Are You To Live To Age 100?

Chapter 6: Discrete Probability Distributions

Chapter 6 Introduction

Introduction

6.1 Random Variables

Connection Between Probability Distributions and Populations

Section 6.1 Exercises

6.2 The Binomial Distribution

Binomial Random Variables

The Binomial Probability Distribution

Computing Binomial Probabilities

Mean and Variance of a Binomial Random Variable

Section 6.2 Exercises

6.3 The Poisson Distribution

Mean and Variance of the Poisson Distribution

The Poisson Approximation to the Binomial Distribution

Section 6.3 Exercises

Chapter 6 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Benford’s Law: Do The Digits 1–9 Occur Equally Often?

Chapter 7: The Normal Distribution

Chapter 7 Introduction

Introduction

7.1 The Standard Normal Curve

The Uniform Distribution

The Normal Distribution

Finding Areas Under the Standard Normal Curve

Finding a z-Score Corresponding to a Given Area

Section 7.1 Exercises

7.2 Applications of the Normal Distribution

Converting Normal Values to z-Scores

Finding Areas Under a Normal Curve

Finding the Value from a Normal Distribution Corresponding to a Given Proportion

Section 7.2 Exercises

7.3 Sampling Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem

An Example of a Sampling Distribution

Computing Probabilities with the Central Limit Theorem

Section 7.3 Exercises

7.4 The Central Limit Theorem for Proportions

An Example of a Sampling Distribution

Computing Probabilities with the Central Limit Theorem

Section 7.4 Exercises

7.5 The Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution

Section 7.5 Exercises

7.6 Assessing Normality

Dotplots

Boxplots

Histograms

Stem-and-Leaf Plots

Normal Quantile Plots

Section 7.6 Exercises

Chapter 7 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Testing The Strength Of Cans

Chapter 8: Confidence Intervals

Chapter 8 Introduction

Introduction

8.1 Confidence Intervals for a Population Mean, Standard Deviation Known

The Investigative Process of Statistics

Estimating a Population Mean

Section 8.1 Exercises

8.2 Confidence Intervals for a Population Mean, Standard Deviation Unknown

The Student’s t Distribution

Constructing a Confidence Interval for μ When σ Is Unknown

More Confidence Means a Bigger Margin of Error

Finding the Necessary Sample Size

Distinguish Between Confidence and Probability

Section 8.2 Exercises

8.3 Confidence Intervals for a Population Proportion

Construct a Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion

Finding the Necessary Sample Size

A Method for Constructing Confidence Intervals with Small Samples

Constructing a confidence interval for a proportion

Section 8.3 Exercises

8.4 Confidence Intervals for a Standard Deviation

The Chi-Square Distribution

Confidence Intervals for the Variance and Standard Deviation

Section 8.4 Exercises

8.5 Determining Which Method to Use

Section 8.5 Exercises

Chapter 8 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Do Newer Wood Stoves Produce Less Pollution?

Chapter 9: Hypothesis Testing

Chapter 9 Introduction

Introduction

9.1 Basic Principles of Hypothesis Testing

The Null Hypothesis and the Alternate Hypothesis

The Reasoning Used in Hypothesis Testing

Stating Conclusions

Type I and Type II Errors

Section 9.1 Exercises

9.2 Hypothesis Tests for a Population Mean, Standard Deviation Known

The Critical Value Method

The P-Value Method

Section 9.2 Exercises

9.3 Hypothesis Tests for a Population Mean, Standard Deviation Unknown

Estimating the P-Value from a Table

Testing a Hypothesis About a Population Mean Using the Critical Value Method

The Relationship Between Hypothesis Tests and Confidence Intervals

The Relationship Between α and the Probability of an Error

Report the P-Value or the Test Statistic Value

Statistical Significance Is Not the Same as Practical Significance

Section 9.3 Exercises

9.4 Hypothesis Tests for Proportions

Performing a hypothesis test with technology

Testing Hypotheses for a Proportion Using the Critical Value Method

Section 9.4 Exercises

9.5 Hypothesis Tests for a Standard Deviation

Hypothesis Tests for the Standard Deviation

Section 9.5 Exercises

9.6 Determining Which Method to Use

Section 9.6 Exercises

9.7 Power

Section 9.7 Exercises

Chapter 9 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Is It Getting Warmer In Washington, D.C.?

Chapter 10: Two-Sample Confidence Intervals

Chapter 10 Introduction

Introduction

10.1 Confidence Intervals for the Difference Between Two Means: Independent Samples

Construct Confidence Intervals for the Difference Between Two Population Means

Section 10.1 Exercises

10.2 Confidence Intervals for the Difference Between Two Means: Paired Samples

Construct Confidence Intervals with Paired Samples

Section 10.2 Exercises

10.3 Confidence Intervals for the Difference Between Two Proportions

Construct Confidence Intervals for the Difference Between Two Proportions

Section 10.3 Exercises

Chapter 10 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Evaluating The Assignment of Subjects In a Clinical Trial

Chapter 11: Two-Sample Hypothesis Tests

Chapter 11 Introduction

Introduction

11.1 Hypothesis Tests for the Difference Between Two Means: Independent Samples

Perform a Hypothesis Test for the Difference Between Two Means Using the P-Value Method

Performing Hypothesis Tests Using the Critical Value Method

Section 11.1 Exercises

11.2 Hypothesis Tests for the Difference Between Two Means: Paired Samples

Hypothesis Tests with Matched Pairs Using the P-Value Method

Testing a Hypothesis with Matched-Pair Data Using the Critical Value Method

Section 11.2 Exercises

11.3 Hypothesis Tests for the Difference Between Two Proportions

Perform a Hypothesis Test for the Difference Between Two Proportions Using the P-Value Method

Using the Critical Value Method

Section 11.3 Exercises

11.4 Hypothesis Tests for Two Population Standard Deviations

Find Critical Values of the F Distribution

Perform a Hypothesis Test for Two Population Standard Deviations

Section 11.4 Exercises

11.5 The Multiple Testing Problem

The Multiple Testing Problem

The Bonferroni Method

Report all P-values

Section 11.5 Exercises

Chapter 11 Summary

Vocabulary and Notation

Important Formulas

Chapter Quiz

Review Exercises

Write About It

Activities

Case Study: Does Exposure to Electrical Fields Cause Brain Cancer?

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