Rossi s Principles of Transfusion Medicine 6th Edition by Toby L Simon, Eric A Gehrie, Jeffrey McCullough, John D Roback, Edward L Snyder ISBN 9781119719755 1119719755

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ISBN 10: 1119719755
ISBN 13: 9781119719755
Author: Toby L Simon, Eric A Gehrie, Jeffrey McCullough, John D Roback, Edward L Snyder

ROSSI’S PRINCIPLES OF TRANSFUSION MEDICINE

Transfusion Medicine impacts patients with hematologic, oncologic, and surgical conditions as well as all areas of critical care medicine and multiple areas of chronic care. This book aims to be the single best source for information related to any aspect or application of Transfusion Medicine.

Contributors for the sixth edition have once again been drawn from various scientific, medical, and surgical disciplines. Thus, this book ranges from encouraging and managing donors, to collecting and preserving the blood, to matching it to the appropriate recipient, all the way to its clinical uses. It also extends these concepts to implantable tissue and regenerative medicine. Other sample topics covered within the work include:

• Contemporary issues in donation and transfusion: patient blood management, clinical and technical aspects of blood administration, and donor and patient Hemovigilance
• Blood components and derivatives: red blood cell metabolism, preservation and oxygen delivery, blood groups, and composition of plasma
• Apheresis, transplantation, and new therapies: hematopoietic growth factors, therapeutic phlebotomy and cellular apheresis, HLA antigens, alleles, and antibodies
• How Transfusion Medicine has been affected by the coronavirus pandemic, the role of pathogen reduction and other modern trends

This book serves as a complete and comprehensive resource on Transfusion Medicine for clinicians who prescribe blood, students who expect to enter clinical practice, and for the scientists, physicians, nurses, technologists, and others who assure the quality and availability of blood services.

Rossi s Principles of Transfusion Medicine 6th Edition Table of contents:

SECTION I: Transfusion medicine from ancient times to the current pandemic

CHAPTER 1: Transfusion in the new millennium

The first animal transfusion

The first animal‐to‐human transfusion

The beginnings of modern transfusion

The twentieth century

Anticoagulants, the blood bank, and component therapy

Transfusion in the age of technology

Concern for blood safety

Current status

Organization of blood services in the United States

Organization of blood services outside the United States

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 2: Disasters and the blood community (including COVID‐19)

Background

Organization for emergency operations

Planning for blood and transfusion in disasters

Continuity of operations plans

Regulatory considerations in disasters

Records management

The COVID‐19 pandemic and transfusion medicine

Key references

CHAPTER 3: Responding to regulatory challenges during public health emergencies

Connection between public health emergencies and blood transfusion

Approach to pandemic management

Case study of a therapeutic: COVID‐19 convalescent plasma

Summary

Key references

SECTION II: Blood donation

CHAPTER 4: Recruitment and screening of donors and the collection of blood

Donor demographics

Donor recruitment and retention

Recipient‐specific blood donation

The collection process for blood components for transfusion: screening, informed consent, phlebotomy, collection, and postdonation

Educational materials and informed consent

Blood collection

The collection process for source plasma: screening, phlebotomy, choice of product, collection, and testing of source plasma donors

Key references

CHAPTER 5: Blood donor testing

Background

Safety of the blood supply

Blood component testing

ABO typing

Rh typing

Red blood cell antibody detection

ABO antibody titers

Direct antiglobulin testing

Testing for transmissible diseases

Plasma for further manufacture: source plasma

Donor management

Product management

Retrieval of in‐date products and recipient notification

Donor Re‐entry

HIV testing

HIV antibody testing

Hepatitis B testing

Hepatitis C testing

Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus testing

West Nile virus testing

Zika virus testing

Testing for babesiosis

Syphilis testing

Chagas’ disease testing

CMV testing

Additional testing for blood derivatives

Bacterial testing of platelets

Other laboratory testing

Extended blood group antigen typing

Role of platelet antigen typing

Role of platelet serology

Parvovirus B19 and hepatitis A virus testing

Hemoglobin S testing

Screening donors for IgA deficiency

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 6: Acute adverse reactions after blood donation

Adverse reactions after blood donation

Acute reactions after blood donation: immediate symptoms and delayed complications

Risk factors associated with reactions after blood donation

Preventing syncopal reactions at blood drives

Phlebotomy‐related complications

Phlebotomy‐related nerve injury

Reactions after automated collection of cellular blood components

Citrate reactions and other immediate complications during apheresis procedures

Procedure‐related complications related to donation frequency or multiple component collection

Special considerations: granulocyte collection

Conclusion

Key references

CHAPTER 7: Chronic effects of blood and plasma donation

Introduction

Prevalence of and risk factors for iron depletion in blood donors

Regulatory considerations: Role of the Food and Drug Administration and AABB

Adverse outcomes potentially associated with iron depletion

Potentially vulnerable populations

Potential measures for mitigation of iron depletion

Long‐term issues for platelet donors

Long‐term issues for source plasma donors

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 8: Global perspective: ensuring blood and blood product safety and availability through regulation and certification

US perspective on ensuring blood and blood product safety and availability

International perspective on ensuring blood and blood product safety and availability

Regulation of and guidance on blood products in Europe

Authorization in Europe of plasma derivative and analogous recombinant products

Activities to promote blood component safety in Europe

Acknowledgement

Key references

SECTION III: Blood groups and pretransfusion testing

CHAPTER 9: Carbohydrate blood groups

ABO system

Lewis blood group

I blood group

P blood group system

Sda (SID)

Key references

CHAPTER 10: Rh and LW blood group antigens

Summary

Rh blood group system

LW blood group system

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 11: Other protein blood groups

MNS blood group system (ISBT 002)

Lutheran blood group system (ISBT 005)

Kell and Kx blood group systems (ISBT 006 and 019)

Duffy blood group system (ISBT 008)

Kidd blood group system (ISBT 009)

Diego blood group system (ISBT 010)

Xg blood group system (ISBT 012)

Scianna blood group system (ISBT 013)

Colton and GIL blood group systems (ISBT 015 and 029)

Chido/Rodgers blood group system (ISBT 017)

Gerbich blood group system (ISBT 020)

Knops blood group system (ISBT 022)

Indian blood group system (ISBT 023)

Blood group antigens on glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐linked proteins: Cartwright (ISBT 011), Dombrock (ISBT 014), Cromer (ISBT 021), JMH (ISBT 026), CD59 (ISBT 035), KANNO (ISBT 037), and EMM (ISBT 042)

Other minor blood group systems: OK (ISBT 024), RAPH (ISBT 025), JR (ISBT 032), LAN (ISBT 033), VEL (ISBT 034), AUG (ISBT 036), CTL2 (ISBT 039), PEL (ISBT 040), MAM (ISBT 041), and ABCC1 (ISBT 043)

Summary

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 12: Immunohematology and compatibility testing

Introduction

Red cell immunology

Compatibility testing

Conclusion

Disclaimer

Key references

SECTION IV: Blood components

PART I: Red cells

CHAPTER 13: Red blood cell production and kinetics

Introduction

Erythropoiesis

Erythropoietin

Nutritional requirements for erythropoiesis

Summary and outlook

Key references

CHAPTER 14: Red blood cell metabolism and preservation

Introduction

Metabolism

Validation of red blood cell quality and in vivo recovery

Summary

Key references

PART II: Platelets

CHAPTER 15: Platelet production and kinetics

Platelet production

Platelet kinetics

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 16: Platelet immunology and alloimmunization

Platelet antigens and alloimmunization

Human leukocyte antigens

Human platelet antigens (HPAs)

Transfusion refractoriness

Platelet refractory evaluation

Overcoming established alloimmunization

Summary

Disclaimer

Acknowledgements

Key references

CHAPTER 17: Preparation, preservation, and storage of platelet concentrates

Preparation of platelets from whole blood: platelet‐rich plasma method

Preparation of platelets from whole blood: buffy‐coat method

Preparation of platelets from plateletpheresis

Alternative sources of platelets

Storage conditions

Acknowledgments

Key references

PART III: White cells

CHAPTER 18: Neutrophil production and kinetics: neutropenia and neutrophilia

Introduction

Normal neutrophil kinetics

Neutrophilia

Neutropenia

Key references

CHAPTER 19: Granulocyte collection and transfusion

Collection of granulocytes for transfusion

Granulocyte transfusion in clinical medicine

Summary and recommendations for clinical practice

Key references

PART IV: Plasma

CHAPTER 20: Composition of plasma

Plasma composition

Factors influencing individual plasma composition

Fibrinolysis and its inhibition

Summary

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 21: Plasma and cryoprecipitate for transfusion

Plasma for transfusion

Reversal of warfarin effect

Therapeutic plasma exchange

Clinical use of cryoprecipitate

Conclusions

Key references

CHAPTER 22: The purification of plasma proteins for therapeutic use

Introduction

Key components of the manufacture of plasma protein therapeutics

Manufacturing controls and assessment of final product for virus safety

Manufacturing processes for plasma‐derived medicinal products

Summary and outlook

Acknowledgments

Key references

CHAPTER 23: Immunoglobulin products

Structure and origin of Ig molecules

A short history of commercial IgG production

Current IgG products

Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of IgG

Adverse reactions to IVIG and SCIG

Mechanisms of action of IVIG

Dosing and scheduling IgG treatment regimens

IgG in transplantation

Hyperimmune globulins

Summary

Key references

SECTION V: Apheresis

CHAPTER 24: Basic principles of apheresis and the collection of blood components by apheresis

Terminology and definitions

Basic concepts common to all apheresis procedures

Anticoagulation

Blood donor apheresis

Donor apheresis instrumentation

Product and procedure requirements

Apheresis complications

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 25: Therapeutic apheresis: plasma processing

Introduction

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE)

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

Key references

CHAPTER 26: Therapeutic phlebotomy and cellular hemapheresis

Therapeutic red cell apheresis

Life‐ or organ‐threatening complications

Protozoan disease

Erythrocytapheresis and therapeutic phlebotomy

Therapeutic platelet apheresis

Therapeutic white cell apheresis

Extracorporeal photopheresis

Conclusion

Disclaimer

Key references

SECTION VI: Blood transfusion

CHAPTER 27: Patient blood management

Introduction

Definitions of PBM

Implementing a PBM program

Evidence‐based transfusion guidelines

Physician education and monitoring

Preoperative anemia management

Cell salvage

Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH)

Point‐of‐care testing

Use of hemostatic agents

Limiting phlebotomy blood loss for laboratory testing

Summary

Acknowledgments

Key references

CHAPTER 28: Clinical and technical aspects of blood administration

Introduction

Pretransfusion considerations

Component issue, release, storage, and transport

Component modification and preparation

At the bedside: transfusion administration

Key references

CHAPTER 29: Anemia and red blood cell transfusion

Introduction

Adaptive mechanisms in anemia

Microcirculatory effects of anemia and red cell transfusion

Interaction between pathophysiologic processes and anemia

Clinical outcomes of anemia and red cell transfusion

Future

Summary

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 30: Sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and hereditary hemolytic anemias

Introduction

Malaria, hematologic diseases, and blood groups

Structural hemoglobin mutations

Thalassemia

RBC enzymopathies

RBC membrane mutations

Blood groups

Sickle cell disease

Thalassemia

Red cell enzymopathies

Red cell membrane disorders

Transfusion protocols

Transfusion targets and monitoring

Transfusion complications

Key references

CHAPTER 31: Autoimmune hemolytic anemias and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Autoimmune hemolytic anemias (AIHAs)

Overall classification

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA)

Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)

Epidemiology and risk factors

Pathophysiology

Clinical findings

Treatment

Special clinical situations

Children

Transfusion management

Prognosis

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 32: Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn

Background

Immune‐mediated HDFN

Monitoring and management of sensitized pregnancies

Conclusion

Key references

CHAPTER 33: Obstetric transfusion practice

Introduction

Blood loss in pregnancy

Transfusions in pregnancy

Fetal transfusions

Conclusion

Acknowledgment

Key references

CHAPTER 34: Transfusion in infants and children

Red blood cell transfusion

Platelet transfusion

Transfusion reactions in the pediatric population

Plasma transfusion

Cryoprecipitate transfusion

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 35: Thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusion

Thrombocytopenia

Platelet transfusion

Summary

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 36: Management of immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia

Introduction

Laboratory tests for the investigation of thrombocytopenia

Immune‐mediated thrombocytopenic syndromes

Summary

Acknowledgment

Key references

CHAPTER 37: Coagulation concentrates for inherited bleeding disorders

Introduction

Hemophilia

von Willebrand disease

Other rare congenital clotting protein disorders

Key references

CHAPTER 38: Coagulation factor concentrates and pharmacologic therapies for acquired bleeding disorders

Introduction

Prothrombin complex concentrate

Recombinant activated factor VII

Vitamin K

Antifibrinolytic agents

Desmopressin

Protamine

Andexanet alfa

Idarucizumab

Clinical settings

Acknowledgment

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 39: Perioperative transfusion practice

Background

Anemia and surgery

Impact of RBC transfusions on surgical patient outcomes

The utility of preoperative hemostatic testing

Management of perioperative anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies

Conservative versus liberal transfusion practices

Blood avoidance techniques

Topical hemostatic therapies

Perioperative transfusion guidelines

The role of plasma transfusion in special circumstances

The role of platelet transfusion in special circumstances

Key references

CHAPTER 40: Transfusion therapy in the care of trauma and burn patients

The evolution of the approach to blood product resuscitation for severely injured patients

The epidemiology of physical injury

Clinical approach to the trauma patient

Clinical approach to the mass casualty trauma situation

Initial resuscitation of the burn patient

Transfusion therapy in the care of the severely burned

Adjuncts in transfusion therapy for trauma and burn patients

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 41: Transfusion support for the oncology patient

Red cell transfusion

Platelet transfusion

Plasma and plasma‐derived product transfusion

Granulocyte transfusion

Adverse reactions to blood transfusion

Summary

Acknowledgments

Key references

CHAPTER 42: Pathogen‐reduced blood components and derivatives

Introduction

Overview of pathogen reduction technologies

Pathogen reduction technologies—mechanisms of action

Efficacy of pathogen reduction

Pathogen reduction for noncellular blood components

In vitro and in vivo quality of pathogen‐reduced cellular components

In vivo studies in healthy human subjects

Immunological effects of pathogen‐reduced blood components

Safety and toxicity of pathogen‐reduced technologies

Summary

Key references

SECTION VII: Adverse sequelae of transfusion

CHAPTER 43: Hemovigilance: weighing the risks versus benefits of transfusion

Introduction

Risk

Reporting and learning systems in transfusion

Hemovigilance data analysis, assessment, and reporting

Key references

CHAPTER 44: Transfusion‐transmitted viral infections (TTVIs)

Introduction

Hepatitis virus infections (A, B, C, D, and E)

Retroviruses

Lentivirus diseases

Flaviviruses

Alphavirus infection

Herpesvirus infections

Parvovirus B19 infections

Filoviridae

Pandemic influenza

Other viruses

Summary

Disclaimer

Acknowledgment

Key references

CHAPTER 45: Transfusion transmission of parasites and prions

Summary

Babesiosis

Chagas disease

Malaria

Leishmaniasis

Toxoplasmosis

Microfilariasis

Prion diseases

Molecular mechanisms of prion conversion

The nature, concentration, and distribution of infectivity in blood and tissues

Transfusion Transmissibility of variant and sporadic CJD

Regulatory measures to reduce the risk of transfusion transmission of sCJD and vCJD

Summary

Key references

CHAPTER 46: Bacterial contamination of blood components

Introduction

Bacterial contamination of platelets

Strategies to reduce the risk of post‐transfusion sepsis (Table 46.2)

Pathogen reduction

Bacterial contamination of red blood cells

Bacterial contamination of plasma, cryoprecipitate, and derivatives

International comparison

Conclusion

Disclaimer

Conflict of interest

Key references

CHAPTER 47: Hemolytic transfusion reactions

Incidence

Causes of HTRs

Pathophysiology

Role of complement

Role of macrophages

Bystander hemolysis

Reticulocyte suppression/destruction

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis

Complications

Management

Prevention

Summary

Disclaimer

Acknowledgments

Key references

CHAPTER 48: Nonhemolytic transfusion reactions

Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions

Allergic reactions

Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions

Complications of massive and rapid transfusion

Toxic reactions resulting from blood manufacture or processing

Reactions in special transfusion settings

Summary

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 49: Transfusion‐related acute lung injury and other respiratory‐related transfusion reactions

TRALI: clinical features

Pathophysiology

Diagnosis

Incidence and epidemiology

Management and outcome

Prevention

Other respiratory‐related transfusion reactions

Transfusion‐associated dyspnea (TAD)

Conclusion

Disclaimer

Acknowledgement

Key references

CHAPTER 50: Transfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease

Pathophysiology of TA‐GVHD

Incidence of TA‐GVHD

Clinical scenarios associated with TA‐GVHD

Diagnosis of TA‐GVHD

Prevention of TA‐GVHD

Treatment of TA‐GVHD

Conclusion

Key references

CHAPTER 51: Transfusional iron overload

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Transfusional iron burden

Clinical features

Measurement of iron burden

Management

Summary

Key References

SECTION VIII: Cellular and tissue transplant technologies

CHAPTER 52: Hematopoietic growth factors

Introduction

General principles of hematopoietic growth factors

Erythroid growth factors

Myeloid growth factors

Thrombopoietic growth factors

General conclusions

Acknowledgments

Key references

CHAPTER 53: Hematopoietic stems cells and transplantation

Stem cells

Hematopoietic stem cells

Key references

CHAPTER 54: HLA antigens, alleles, and antibodies

Major histocompatibility complex

Class I and II antigens and their function

Nomenclature and polymorphismof the HLA system

Identification of HLA antigens and alleles

Choice of HLA typing method

Summary

Disclaimer

Acknowledgments

Key references

CHAPTER 55: Chimeric antigen receptor T cells and other cellular immunotherapies

Introduction

T‐cell immunotherapy

Conclusions

Key references

CHAPTER 56: Gene therapy applications to transfusion medicine

Introduction

Gene therapy and transfusion medicine

Gene selection and targeted insertion

Gene therapy administration

Vector selection

Ensuring viral vectors are replication incompetent

Risks

Nonviral gene therapy vectors

Gene editing

Transfusion‐medicine‐related gene therapy trials

Gene therapy and vaccines: a unique frontier of exploration

Summary

Disclaimer

Key references

CHAPTER 57: Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Lung Tissue Engineering

Reproductive System Tissue Engineering

Periphertal Nerve System Tissue Engineering

Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering

Gastrointestinal Tissue Engineering

Renal Tissue Engineering

Bone Tissue Engineering Update

Vascular Tissue Engineering Update

Cardiac Tissue Engineering Update

Cartilage Tissue Engineering Update

Skin Tissue Engineering Update

Urology Tissue Engineering Updates—Urethra

Concluding Remarks

Key references

CHAPTER 58: Human tissue allografts: responsibilities in understanding the path from donor to recipient

Introduction

General principles of tissue preservation, storage, and clinical use

Donor–recipient matching: is it necessary?

Oversight, tracking, and traceability of human tissues

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

Key references

Index

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Tags: Toby L Simon, Eric A Gehrie, Jeffrey McCullough, John D Roback, Edward L Snyder, Transfusion Medicine