Water Related Death Investigation: Practical Methods and Forensic Applications 2nd Edition by Erica Armstrong,Kevin Erskine ISBN 036725154X 978-0367251543

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ISBN 10: 036725154X
ISBN 13: 978-0367251543
Author: Erica Armstrong,Kevin Erskine 

Nearly ten years after the first edition of Water-Related Death Investigation: Practical Methods and Forensic Applications, water death cases continue to be improperly investigated. The pathologist’s report can determine the cause of death as a drowning, but the manner of death is the most challenging to prove. The report will not determine if a victim jumped into the water to commit suicide, fell into the water accidentally, or was pushed in as a homicidal act. Many drowning cases do not reflect injury to the body, so evidence collected at the scene plays a vital role.

The importance of an on-scene body assessment cannot be overemphasized. Often, the body evidence begins to change rapidly upon recovery and may not be present during an autopsy. Written statements on the scene are an effective tool to use to determine the accuracy of information given to arriving officers. These statements need to be written by the witnesses themselves as well as the reporting person. The “Show Me” technique can also help reveal discrepancies in a person’s version of what occurred as well as aid in providing the most details to an incident as is humanly possible.

This second edition includes updated information on the latest technology to assist water death investigators. Parabon Snapshot can help determine the faceless identity of skeletal remains and help locate potential suspects using the science of DNA. Drones can aid in locating missing persons as well as human remains, even months after death. Updated information is provided regarding fingerprints from submerged objects, and Carbon-14 can help determine the origin of a found corpse.

Water-Related Death Investigation: Practical Methods and Forensic Applications 2nd Table of contents:

Preface

• Acknowledgments
• Introduction to Water-Related Death Investigation
• Overview of the Second Edition
• Objectives and Scope of the Book

Chapter 1: Introduction to Water-Related Deaths

• Definition and Classification of Water-Related Deaths
• Common Types of Water-Related Fatalities
• Overview of Forensic Investigations in Drowning and Submersion Deaths
• The Role of the Forensic Investigator in Water-Related Deaths

Chapter 2: Mechanisms of Drowning and Asphyxia

• The Physiology of Drowning and Respiratory Failure
• Mechanisms of Death in Water-Related Incidents
• Differences Between Drowning and Other Causes of Water-Related Deaths (e.g., trauma, hypothermia)
• Pathophysiology of Near-Drowning and Survival

Chapter 3: Forensic Examination of Water-Related Deaths

• Autopsy Procedures in Water-Related Deaths
• Internal and External Injuries in Drowning Victims
• Distinguishing Drowning from Other Causes of Death
• Common Forensic Findings: Froth, Foam, and Fluid in the Airways
• Analysis of Water in the Lungs and Stomach

Chapter 4: Scene Investigation in Water-Related Deaths

• Scene Approach and Documentation
• Environmental and Situational Factors in Water-Related Deaths
• Evidence Collection at the Scene: Contamination Prevention
• Witness Statements and Circumstantial Evidence
• The Role of Law Enforcement and First Responders in Water-Related Investigations

Chapter 5: Determining Time of Death in Water-Related Deaths

• Estimating the Postmortem Interval (PMI) in Water Submersion
• Factors Affecting Time of Death in Water
• Decomposition and Water-Related Postmortem Changes
• Techniques for Estimating Time of Death Based on Water Temperature and Conditions

Chapter 6: Forensic Toxicology in Water-Related Deaths

• Common Drugs and Alcohol in Drowning Incidents
• The Role of Toxicology in Investigating Water-Related Deaths
• Impact of Substances on the Mechanism of Drowning or Submersion
• Interpretation of Toxicology Results in the Context of Water-Related Deaths

Chapter 7: Drowning Versus Other Causes of Water-Related Deaths

• Differentiating Drowning from Trauma, Hypothermia, and Other Environmental Deaths
• Investigating Suicide and Homicide in Water-Related Incidents
• Accident versus Foul Play: Determining Intent in Water-Related Deaths
• Case Studies of Complex Water-Related Death Investigations

Chapter 8: Forensic Applications of Water Recovery and Evidence Analysis

• Techniques for Recovering Bodies from Water: Best Practices
• Use of Underwater Forensic Technology (e.g., sonar, submersibles)
• Analysis of Clothing, Personal Belongings, and Physical Evidence
• Forensic Entomology and Its Role in Water-Related Deaths
• The Role of the Medical Examiner in Collaborative Investigations

Chapter 9: Legal Aspects of Water-Related Deaths

• The Role of Forensic Experts in Court Cases
• Legal Implications of Water-Related Death Investigations
• Case Law: Precedents and Legal Challenges in Drowning Deaths
• Expert Testimony and the Standard of Care in Water-Related Deaths

Chapter 10: Special Populations in Water-Related Death Investigations

• Investigating Water-Related Deaths in Children and Vulnerable Individuals
• Autopsy Considerations for Pediatric Drowning Victims
• Forensic Implications in Cases of Elderly or Disabled Drowning Victims
• Mental Health Considerations in Water-Related Deaths

Chapter 11: International Perspectives on Water-Related Death Investigations

• Comparative Approaches to Water-Related Death Investigations Worldwide
• Cultural and Regional Factors Influencing Investigations
• Global Trends in Drowning Prevention and Forensic Protocols
• Lessons from International Cases

Chapter 12: Advances and Future Directions in Water-Related Death Investigation

• Emerging Forensic Technologies and Methods in Water Recovery
• The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics in Water Death Investigations
• Innovations in Postmortem Techniques and Toxicology
• The Future of Training and Professional Development for Water-Related Investigations

Epilogue

• Final Thoughts on Water-Related Death Investigations
• The Importance of Interdisciplinary Collaboration
• Ongoing Challenges and Opportunities in Forensic Investigations

Appendices

• Appendix A: Checklist for Scene Investigation in Water-Related Deaths
• Appendix B: Summary of Forensic Methods in Water-Related Investigations
• Appendix C: Commonly Used Forensic Tools and Techniques for Water-Related Deaths
• Appendix D: Resources for Further Reading and Professional Development

Index

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